Behavioral and Neural Sustained Attention Deficits in Disruptive Mood Dysregulation Disorder and Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder - 06/10/17
, Jillian Lee Wiggins, PhD b, Nancy E. Adleman, PhD c, Alexa Curhan, BA a, Susan Zhang, BA a, Kenneth E. Towbin, MD a, Melissa A. Brotman, PhD a, Daniel S. Pine, MD a, Ellen Leibenluft, MD aAbstract |
Objective |
Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder (DMDD), characterized by severe irritability, and attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are highly comorbid. This is the first study to characterize neural and behavioral similarities and differences in attentional functioning across these disorders.
Method |
Twenty-seven healthy volunteers, 31 patients with DMDD, and 25 patients with ADHD (8 to 18 years old) completed a functional magnetic resonance imaging attention task. Group differences in intra-subject variability in reaction time (RT) were examined. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging analytic approach precisely quantified trial-wise associations between RT and brain activity.
Results |
Group differences manifested in the relation between RT and brain activity (all regions: p < .01, F > 2.54, partial eta-squared [ηp2] > 0.06). Patients with DMDD showed specific alterations in the right paracentral lobule, superior parietal lobule, fusiform gyrus, and cerebellar culmen. In contrast, patients with DMDD and those with ADHD exhibited blunted compensatory increases in activity on long RT trials. In addition, youth with DMDD exhibited increased activity in the postcentral gyrus, medial frontal gyrus, and cerebellar tonsil and declive (all regions: p < .05, F > 2.46, ηp2 > 0.06). Groups in the imaging sample did not differ significantly in intra-subject variability in RT (F2,79 = 2.664, p = .076, ηp2 = 0.063), although intra-subject variability in RT was significantly increased in youth with DMDD and ADHD when including those not meeting strict motion and accuracy criteria for imaging analysis (F2,96 = 4.283, p = .017, ηp2 = 0.083).
Conclusion |
Patients with DMDD exhibited specific alterations in the relation between pre-stimulus brain activity and RT. Patients with DMDD and those with ADHD exhibited similar blunting of compensatory neural activity in frontal, parietal, and other regions. In addition, patients with DMDD showed increased RT variability compared with healthy youth. This work is the first to identify common and unique behavioral and neural signatures of DMDD and ADHD.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Key words : disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, irritability, attention, functional magnetic resonance imaging
Plan
| This article was reviewed under and accepted by Ad Hoc Editor Guido K.W. Frank, MD. |
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| This research was supported by the Intramural Research Program of the NIMH at the NIH (ZIAMH002786) and was conducted under NIH Clinical Study Protocols 00-M-0198 and 02-M-0021 (clinicaltrials.gov, ID NCT00006177 and NCT00025935). |
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| Disclosure: Drs. Pagliaccio, Wiggins, Adleman, Towbin, Brotman, Pine, Leibenluft, Mss. Curhan and Zhang report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. |
Vol 56 - N° 5
P. 426-435 - mai 2017 Retour au numéro
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