Reduced Functional Brain Activation and Connectivity During a Working Memory Task in Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia - 27/02/18
Abstract |
Objective |
Working memory (WM) deficits are consistently reported in schizophrenia and are related to poor functional outcomes. Functional magnetic resonance imaging studies of adult-onset schizophrenia have reported decreased functional activations and connectivity in the WM network, but no prior functional magnetic resonance imaging study has examined WM in childhood-onset schizophrenia (COS). The aim of this study was to examine the neural correlates of WM in COS.
Method |
Adult patients with COS (n = 32, 21.3 ± 1.1 years), nonpsychotic siblings of patients with COS (n = 30, 19.4 ± 0.8 years), and healthy controls (n = 39, 20.0 ± 0.7 years) completed 1- and 2-back WM tasks during 3-T functional magnetic resonance imaging. Functional activation and connectivity analyses were conducted. A separate group of 23 younger patients with COS (17.9 ± 7.4 years) could not perform the tasks after twice completing a standard training and are not included in this report.
Results |
Patients with COS who were included scored significantly lower than controls on all tasks (p < .001). Patients with COS showed significantly lower activations in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortices, posterior parietal cortices, cerebellum, and caudate and decreased frontoparietal and corticostriatal functional connectivity compared with controls (p < .05, corrected). Siblings had functional activations and connectivity intermediate between those of patients and controls in a similar set of regions (p < .05, corrected). In patients, functional connectivity strength in the left frontoparietal network correlated positively with accuracy scores during the 1-back task (p = .0023, corrected).
Conclusion |
Decreased functional activation and connectivity in the WM network in COS supports pathophysiologic continuity with adult-onset schizophrenia. The low participation rate and accuracy of the patients highlights the disease severity of COS. Hypo-activations and hypo-connectivity were shared by siblings of patients with COS, suggesting COS as a potential endophenotype.
Clinical trial registration information |
Evaluating Genetic Risk Factors for Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia; ClinicalTrials.gov; NCT00001198.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Key words : childhood-onset schizophrenia, functional magnetic resonance imaging, working memory
Plan
| The Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Mental Health supported this research (Annual Report Number ZIAMH002581, ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT00001198, protocol ID 84-M-0050). |
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| Ms. Zhou and Dr. Liu served as the statistical experts for this research. |
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| Disclosure: Drs. Clasen, Lalonde, R. Berman, K. Berman, Rapoport, Liu, Mss. Loeb, Zhou, Craddock, Shora, Broadnax, and Mr. Gochman report no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. |
Vol 57 - N° 3
P. 166-174 - mars 2018 Retour au numéro
Article précédent
- The Effectiveness of School-Based Mental Health Services for Elementary-Aged Children: A Meta-Analysis
- Amanda L. Sanchez, Danielle Cornacchio, Bridget Poznanski, Alejandra M. Golik, Tommy Chou, Jonathan S. Comer
- Working Memory and Vigilance as Multivariate Endophenotypes Related to Common Genetic Risk for Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
- Joel T. Nigg, Hanna C. Gustafsson, Sarah L. Karalunas, Peter Ryabinin, Shannon K. McWeeney, Stephen V. Faraone, Michael A. Mooney, Damien A. Fair, Beth Wilmot
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