Insights into atopic dermatitis gained from genetically defined mouse models - 04/01/19

Doi : 10.1016/j.jaci.2018.11.014

Saeko Nakajima, MD, PhD ^a,^{∗
These authors contributed equally to this work.}, Takashi Nomura, MD, PhD ^a,^{∗
These authors contributed equally to this work.}, John Common, PhD ^b,^⁎,^{^{‡
These authors contributed equally to this work.}} , Kenji Kabashima, MD, PhD ^a,^b,^c,^⁎,^{^{‡
These authors contributed equally to this work.}}
^a Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan
^b Skin Research Institute of Singapore (SRIS), Singapore
^c Singapore Immunology Network, A*STAR, Singapore

^∗Corresponding authors: John Common, PhD, Skin Research Institute of Singapore, 8A Biomedical Grove, #06-16 (Immunos), Singapore 138648.Skin Research Institute of Singapore8A Biomedical Grove, #06-16 (Immunos)138648Singapore^∗Kenji Kabashima, MD, PhD, Department of Dermatology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.Department of DermatologyKyoto University Graduate School of Medicine54 Shogoin-KawaharaKyoto606-8507Japan

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is characterized by severe pruritus and recurrent eczema with a chronic disease course. Impaired skin barrier function, hyperactivated T_H2 cell–type inflammation, and pruritus-induced scratching contribute to the disease pathogenesis of AD. Skin microbial alterations complicate the pathogenesis of AD further. Mouse models are a powerful tool to analyze such intricate pathophysiology of AD, with a caution that anatomy and immunology of the skin differ between human subjects and mice. Here we review recent understanding of AD etiology obtained using mouse models, which address the epidermal barrier, skin microbiome, T_H2 immune response, and pruritus.

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Key words : Atopic dermatitis, genetically defined mouse models, skin barrier, immune dysfunction, T_H2 cell response, pruritis, microbiome

Abbreviations used : AD, FLG, ILC2, KLK, LC, PPAR, PSM, STAT, TLR, TRPA1, TSLP

Plan

Epidermal barrier and AD

Skin microbiome and microbial alterations in patients with AD

T_H2 immune response in patients with AD

Pruritus

Concluding remarks

	This work was supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant no. 18F18096; by Funding for Research to Expedite Effective drug discovery by Goverment, Academia and Private partnership (GAPFREE2) no. 100160600081; and by Advanced Research & Development Programs for Medical Innovation (AMED-PRIME) no. 18m6010014h0002.
	Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no relevant conflicts of interest.
	Terms in boldface and italics are detailed in the glossary on page 14.

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Vol 143 - N° 1

P. 13-25 - janvier 2019 Retour au numéro

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Atopic dermatitis endotypes and implications for targeted therapeutics

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The microbiome in patients with atopic dermatitis
Amy S. Paller, Heidi H. Kong, Patrick Seed, Shruti Naik, Tiffany C. Scharschmidt, Richard L. Gallo, Thomas Luger, Alan D. Irvine

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Insights into atopic dermatitis gained from genetically defined mouse models - 04/01/19

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