The primary care physician should be familiar with renal and bladder cancer risk factors, symptoms, and workup. Bladder cancer generally presents with painless hematuria, which primary care providers may identify. Bladder cancer is treated more successfully when caught early. Patients need support and follow-up through treatment. Renal cell carcinoma is generally asymptomatic and commonly is an incidental finding on abdominal imaging. The workup of incidental renal masses is important and ensure appropriate follow-up and treatment are received. Renal cancer is easier to successfully treat when identified at an early stage, so proper identification is important for appropriate treatment.