Conventional imaging in the acute setting of brain trauma, relevant pathophysiology of injury, and advanced imaging techniques that may provide value in understanding the immediate management and long-term sequela of traumatic brain injury are reviewed. Key imaging findings that can guide clinical management related to such injuries as concussions, hematomas, dissections, dural atrioventricular fistula, and diffuse axonal injury are discussed. The role and accuracy of computed tomography, dual-energy computed tomography, computed tomography angiography, and magnetic resonance angiography in the acute setting are evaluated. In addition, caveats related to imaging the elderly and pediatric population are addressed.