Description, distribution and ecology of living Reophax pyriformis n. sp. (Campos Basin, South Atlantic Ocean) - 29/08/19

Doi : 10.1016/j.revmic.2019.06.002

Cintia Yamashita ^a,⁎ , Silvia Helena de Mello e Sousa ^a , Michael A. Kaminski ^b , Maria Virgínia Alves Martins ^c,^d , Carlos Eduardo Leão Elmadjian ^e , Renata Hanae Nagai ^f , Naira Tiemi Yamamoto ^a , Eduardo Apostolos Machado Koutsoukos ^g , Rubens Cesar Lopes Figueira ^a
^a Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto Oceanográfico, Praça do Oceanográfico, 191, Cidade Universitária, 05508-120 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
^b Geosciences Department, King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals, PO Box 701, Dhahran 31261, Saudi Arabia
^c Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Geologia, Departamento de Estratigrafia e Paleontologia, Av. São Francisco Xavier, 524, sala 2020A, Maracanã, 20550-013 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
^d Universidade de Aveiro, GeoBioTec, Departamento de Geociências, Campus de Santiago, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal
^e Universidade de São Paulo, Instituto de Matemática e Estatística, Rua do Matão, 1010, Cidade Universitária, 05508-090 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
^f Centro de Estudos do Mar, Universidade Federal do Paraná, AV. Beira Mar, s/n., 83255-000 Pontal do Paraná, Paraná, Brazil
^g Institut für Geowissenschaften, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 234, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany

^⁎Corresponding author.

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Abstract

The distribution of living (rose Bengal stained) Reophax pyriformis Yamashita, Sousa and Kaminski, n. sp., an agglutinated benthic foraminiferal species, was analyzed in the area of the Campos Basin (southeastern Brazilian continental margin). The study is based on 34 oceanographic stations (54 samples), located between 400m and 3000m water depth. The distribution of living R. pyriformis n.sp. density is compared to sedimentological parameters, such as total organic carbon, total nitrogen, calcium carbonate, phytopigment, lipids biomarkers (sterols, fatty acids and n-alcohols), total lipids, and bacterial biomass, as well as the particulate organic matter flux to the seafloor. This species was found in the range of 1000–1200m water depth, with an average living depth of 1.52cm in the sediment. The distribution of this species seems to be related to lipid biomarkers (allochthone and/or continental derivative, zooplankton and/or fauna, phytoplankton or primary producers) and total organic carbon under the influence of Intermediate Western Boundary Current conditions.

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Keywords : Agglutinated benthic foraminifera, Lipid biomarkers, Total organic carbon, Western Boundary Current, Reophax