A coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) is a common finding during coronary angiography and is associated with increased mortality and poorer cardiovascular prognosis. Technological developments in percutaneous strategies for revascularisation have resulted in increased interest in this area. However, until recently, there has been a paucity of robust scientific randomised data comparing the efficacy of medical management with percutaneous strategies. Both observational data, and to a lesser extent, randomised data, suggest that CTO percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) should be considered in symptomatic patients. However, in the absence of any randomised data, CTO PCI should not be performed for prognostic benefit. Ongoing trials are needed to confirm these findings as well as to identify the optimal timing and strategy of such interventions.