Diffusion-Weighted Imaging is Key to Diagnosing Specific Diseases - 24/04/21

Doi : 10.1016/j.mric.2021.02.001

Aya Midori Tokumaru, MD, PhD ^a,^⁎ , Yuko Saito, MD, PhD ^b, Shigeo Murayma, MD, PhD ^b,^c
^a Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
^b Brain Bank for Aging Research, Tokyo Metropolitan Geriatric Hospital and Institute of Gerontology, 35-2 Sakae-cho, Itabashi-ku, Tokyo 173-0015, Japan
^c Brain Bank for Neurodevelopmental, Neurological and Psychiatric Disorders, United Graduate School of Child Development, Osaka University, 2-2, Yamadaoka, Suita-shi, Osaka-fu 565-0871, Japan

^∗Corresponding author.

Résumé

This article reviews diseases for which persistent signal abnormalities on diffusion-weighted imaging are the key to their diagnosis. Specifically, updated knowledge regarding the neuroimaging patterns of the following diseases is summarized: sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease, and hereditary diffuse leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids–colony-stimulating factor receptors/adult-onset leukoencephalopathy with axonal spheroids and pigmented glia. In addition, their differential diagnoses; clinical manifestations; and pathologic, genetic, and imaging correlates are discussed.

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Keywords : Diffusion-weighted imaging, Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease, Neuronal intranuclear inclusion body disease, Hereditary diffuse, Leukoencephalopathy with spheroids-CSF1R