Exploring inactivation of SARS-CoV-2, MERS-CoV, Ebola, Lassa, and Nipah viruses on N95 and KN95 respirator material using photoactivated methylene blue to enable reuse - 28/07/22
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Highlights |
• | The photoactivated dye methylene blue inactivates many human pathogens. |
• | The technique inactivates SARS-CoV-2, Ebola, Lassa and Nipah viruses on respirators. |
• | Decontamination of N95 and KN95 respirators allows safe limited reuse. |
• | Methylene blue can be used for pretreatment and decontamination of respirators. |
• | Pretreatment of PPE could allow for real-time virus inactivation. |
Résumé |
Background |
The COVID-19 pandemic resulted in a worldwide shortage of N95 respirators, prompting the development of decontamination methods to enable limited reuse. Countries lacking reliable supply chains would also benefit from the ability to safely reuse PPE. Methylene blue (MB) is a light-activated dye with demonstrated antimicrobial activity used to sterilize blood plasma. Decontamination of respirators using photoactivated MB requires no specialized equipment, making it attractive for use in the field during outbreaks.
Methods |
We examined decontamination of N95 and KN95 respirators using photoactivated MB and 3 variants of SARS-CoV-2, the virus that causes COVID-19; and 4 World Health Organization priority pathogens: Ebola virus, Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus, Nipah virus, and Lassa virus. Virus inactivation by pretreating respirator material was also tested.
Results |
Photoactivated MB inactivated all tested viruses on respirator material, albeit with varying efficiency. Virus applied to respirator material pre-treated with MB was also inactivated, thus MB pretreatment may potentially protect respirator wearers from virus exposure in real-time.
Conclusions |
These results demonstrate that photoactivated MB represents a cost-effective, rapid, and widely deployable method to decontaminate N95 respirators for reuse during supply shortages.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Key Words : Methylene blue, N95 respirator, Decontamination, COVID-19, Hemorrhagic fever virus, Photochemical inactivation
Plan
| Funding/Support: Open access of this article is sponsored by the World Health Organization. |
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| Conflict of interest: The findings and conclusions in this report are those of the authors and do not necessarily represent the official position of the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. |
Vol 50 - N° 8
P. 863-870 - août 2022 Retour au numéro
Article précédent
- Methylene blue applied to N95 respirators and medical masks for SARS-CoV-2 decontamination: What is the likelihood of inhaling methylene blue?
- Thomas S. Lendvay, Jinwei Xu, James Chen, Tanner Clark, Yi Cui
- Of masks and methylene blue—The use of methylene blue photochemical treatment to decontaminate surgical masks contaminated with a tenacious small nonenveloped norovirus
- Constance Wielick, Allyson Fries, Lorène Dams, Ravo M. Razafimahefa, Belinda Heyne, Brian H. Harcourt, Thomas S. Lendvay, Jean-François Willaert, Simon de Jaeger, Eric Haubruge, Etienne Thiry, Louisa F. Ludwig-Begall
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