Increased regulatory requirements for sterilization in recent years have prompted a widespread transition from reusable to single-use laryngoscopes. The purpose of this study was to determine if the transition from metallic reusable to metallic single-use laryngoscopes impacted the performance of direct laryngoscopy at an academic medical center.

Single-site retrospective cohort study.

General anesthetic cases requiring tracheal intubation.

Adult patients undergoing non-emergent procedures.

Data were collected two years before and two years after a transition from metallic reusable to metallic single-use laryngoscopes.

The primary outcome was need for intubation rescue with an alternate device. Secondary outcomes were difficult laryngeal view (modified Cormack-Lehane grade ≥ 2b) and hypoxemia (SpO₂ < 90% for >30 s) during direct laryngoscopy intubations. Subgroup analyses for rapid sequence induction, Macintosh blades, Miller blades, and patients with difficult airway risk factors (Obstructive Sleep Apnea, Mallampati ≥3, Body Mass Index >30 kg/m²) were performed.

In total, 72,672 patients were included: 35,549 (48.9%) in the reusable laryngoscope cohort and 37,123 (51.1%) in the single-use laryngoscope cohort. Compared with reusable laryngoscopes, single-use laryngoscopes were associated with fewer rescue intubations with an alternate device (covariates-adjusted odds ratio [OR] 0.81 95% CI 0.66–0.99). Single-use laryngoscopes were also associated with lower odds of difficult laryngeal view (OR 0.86; 95% CI 0.80–0.93). Single use laryngoscopes were not associated with hypoxemia during the intubation attempt (OR 1.03; 95% CI 0.88–1.20). Similar results were observed for subgroup analyses including rapid sequence induction, Macintosh blades, Miller blades, and patients with difficult airway risk factors.

Metallic single-use laryngoscopes were associated with less need for rescue intubation with alternate devices and lower incidence of poor laryngeal view compared to reusable metallic laryngoscopes.