No Observed Difference in Inflammatory and Coagulation Markers Following Diets Rich in n-6 Polyunsaturated Fat vs Monounsaturated Fat in Adults With Untreated Hypercholesterolemia: A Randomized Trial - 18/01/24
Abstract |
Background |
Inflammatory and prothrombotic responses are hallmark to the progression of cardiovascular disease and may be influenced by the type of dietary fat. Cottonseed oil (CSO) is rich in n-6 polyunsaturated fats and improves traditional cardiovascular disease risk factors such as cholesterol profiles. However, some clinicians are still hesitant to promote n-6 polyunsaturated fats consumption despite growing evidence suggesting they may not be independently pro-inflammatory.
Objective |
To investigate the inflammatory and coagulation marker responses to an 8-week diet intervention rich in either CSO or olive oil (OO) (OO is rich in monounsaturated fat) in adults with untreated hypercholesterolemia.
Design |
This was a secondary analysis of a parallel-arm randomized clinical trial with the main outcome of cholesterol measures.
Participants/setting |
Participants included in this analysis were 42 sedentary adults aged 30 to 75 years (62% women) in the Athens, GA, area, between May 2018 and June 2021, with untreated hypercholesterolemia or elevated blood lipids and body mass index >18.5. Hypercholesterolemia was defined as at least two blood lipid levels in a borderline undesirable/at risk range (total cholesterol level ≥180 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≥110 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level <50 mg/dL, or triglyceride level ≥130 mg/dL), or at least one in an undesirable range (total cholesterol level ≥240 mg/dL, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level ≥160 mg/dL, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol level <40 mg/dL, or triglyceride level ≥200 mg/dL).
Intervention |
Participants were randomly assigned to either the CSO or OO group in a partial outpatient feeding trial. Meals from the study provided approximately 60% of their energy needs with 30% of energy needs from either CSO or OO for 8 weeks. Participants fulfilled their remaining energy needs with meals of their choosing.
Main outcome measures |
Fasting plasma concentrations of inflammatory markers, including C-reactive protein, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-6, and interleukin-1β were measured at baseline and 8 weeks. Markers of coagulation potential, including plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, and tissue factor were measured at the same time points.
Statistical analyses performed |
Repeated measures linear mixed models were used with treatment and visit in the model for analyses of all biochemical markers.
Results |
There were no significant differences in fasting C-reactive protein (P = 0.70), tumor necrosis factor-α (P = 0.98), interleukin-6 (P = 0.21), interleukin-1β (P = 0.13), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (P = 0.29), or tissue factor (P = 0.29) between groups across the intervention.
Conclusions |
Inflammation and coagulation marker responses to diets rich in CSO vs OO were not significantly different between groups, and neither group showed changes in these markers in adults with untreated hypercholesterolemia. This provides additional evidence suggesting that dietary n-6 polyunsaturated fats may not promote inflammation compared with monounsaturated fatty acids, even in adults at increased risk for cardiovascular disease.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : C-reactive protein, Tumor necrosis factor-α, Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1, Cottonseed oil, Olive oil
Plan
| Supplementary materials: Figure 4 is available at www.jandonline.org |
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| STATEMENT OF POTENTIAL CONFLICT OF INTEREST No potential conflict of interest was reported by the authors. |
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| FUNDING/SUPPORT This study was funded by National Cottonseed Products Association (AWD00009110) and Cotton Incorporated (AWD00012904). This research was also partially supported by the University of Georgia Obesity Initiative. The funders had no role in the design, implementation, analysis and interpretation of the data. This study was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT04397055 |
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| AUTHOR CONTRIBUTIONS J. A. Cooper and C. M. Paton conceived the project, provided study oversight, essential reagents and materials. J. A. Cooper, C. M. Paton, and M. C. Prater acquired funding. J. A. Cooper and A. R. Scheurell developed the research methodology. A. R. Scheurell and M. C. Prater conducted the research. M. C. Prater analyzed the data. J. A. Cooper and M. C. Prater wrote the first draft of the manuscript. All authors reviewed and commented on subsequent drafts of the manuscript. |
Vol 124 - N° 2
P. 205 - février 2024 Retour au numéro
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