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Post-procedural Anticoagulation With Unfractionated Heparin in Acute Coronary Syndrome: Insight from the STOPDAPT-3 Trial - 16/08/24

Doi : 10.1016/j.amjcard.2024.07.002 
Hirotoshi Watanabe, MD a, Masahiro Natsuaki, MD b, Takeshi Morimoto, MD c, Ko Yamamoto, MD d, Yuki Obayashi, MD e, Ryusuke Nishikawa, MD e, Yasuhiro Hamatani, MD f, Kenji Ando, MD d, Takenori Domei, MD d, Satoru Suwa, MD g, Manabu Ogita, MD g, Tsuyoshi Isawa, MD h, Hiroyuki Takenaka, MD a, Takashi Yamamoto, MD a, Tetsuya Ishikawa, MD i, Itaru Hisauchi, MD i, Kohei Wakabayashi, MD j, Yuko Onishi, MD k, Kiyoshi Hibi, MD l, Kazuya Kawai, MD m, Ruka Yoshida, MD n, Hiroshi Suzuki, MD o, Gaku Nakazawa, MD p, Takanori Kusuyama, MD q, Itsuro Morishima, MD r, Koh Ono, MD e, Takeshi Kimura, MD a,
on behalf of

STOPDAPT-3 Investigators

a Division of Cardiology, Hirakata Kohsai Hospital, Hirakata, Japan 
b Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Saga University, Saga, Japan 
c Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Hyogo Medical University, Nishinomiya, Japan 
d Department of Cardiology, Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kitakyushu, Japan 
e Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan 
f Department of Cardiology, Kyoto Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan 
g Department of Cardiology, Juntendo University Shizuoka Hospital, Izunokuni, Japan 
h Department of Cardiology, Sendai Kousei Hospital, Sendai, Japan 
i Department of Cardiology, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Koshigaya, Japan 
j Department of Cardiology, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan 
k Department of Cardiology, Hiratsuka Kyosai Hospital, Hiratsuka, Japan 
l Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Yokohama, Japan 
m Division of Cardiology, Chikamori Hospital, Kochi, Japan 
n Division of Cardiology, Japanese Red Cross Aichi Medical Center Nagoya Daini Hospital, Nagoya, Japan 
o Division of Cardiology, Showa University Fujigaoka Hospital, Yokohama, Japan 
p Department of Cardiology, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, Osakasayama, Japan 
q Division of Cardiology, Tsukazaki Hospital, Himeji, Japan 
r Department of Cardiology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Ogaki, Japan 

Corresponding author: Tel: +81-72-858-8233, fax: +81-72-859-1093.

Highlights

In a post hoc analysis of a recent Japanese clinical trial, more than half of the patients with acute coronary syndromes received anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This was especially true for patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction or intraprocedural adverse angiographic findings.
Post-PCI heparin administration was associated with significantly higher incidence of bleeding events without any benefit in reducing cardiovascular events within 30 days after PCI.
Higher heparin doses per body weight and total doses were associated with higher rates of both bleeding and cardiovascular events.

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Résumé

The current guidelines for acute coronary syndrome (ACS) discourage the use of anticoagulation after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) without specific indications, although the recommendation is not well supported by evidence. In this post hoc analysis of the ShorT and OPtimal Duration of Dual AntiPlatelet Therapy-3 (STOPDAPT-3) trial, 30-day outcomes were compared between the 2 groups with and without post-PCI heparin administration among patients with ACS who did not receive mechanical support devices. The co-primary end points were the bleeding end point, defined as the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium type 3 or 5 bleeding, and the cardiovascular end point, defined as a composite of cardiovascular death, myocardial infarction, definite stent thrombosis, or ischemic stroke. Among 4,088 patients with ACS, 2,339 patients (57.2%) received post-PCI heparin. The proportion of patients receiving post-PCI heparin was higher among those with ST-elevation myocardial infarction compared with others (72.3% and 38.8%, p <0.001), and among patients with intraprocedural adverse angiographic findings compared with those without (67.6% and 47.5%, p <0.001). Post-PCI heparin compared with no post-PCI heparin was associated with a significantly increased risk of the bleeding end point (4.75% and 2.52%, adjusted hazard ratio 1.69, 95% confidence interval 1.15 to 2.46, p = 0.007) and a numerically increased risk of the cardiovascular end point (3.16% and 1.72%, adjusted hazard ratio 1.56, 95% confidence interval 0.98 to 2.46, p = 0.06). Higher hourly dose or total doses of heparin were also associated with higher incidence of both bleeding and cardiovascular events within 30 days. In conclusion, post-PCI anticoagulation with unfractionated heparin was frequently implemented in patients with ACS. Post-PCI heparin use was associated with harm in terms of increased bleeding without the benefit of reducing cardiovascular events. Trial identifier: STOPDAPT-3 ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT04609111

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Keywords : acute coronary syndrome, percutaneous coronary intervention, post-PCI anticoagulation, unfractionated heparin


Plan


 Funding: Abbott Medical Japan (Tokyo, Japan) funded the ShorT and OPtimal Duration of Dual AntiPlatelet Therapy-3 (STOPDAPT-3) study, but did not provide medications or coronary devices. Abbott Medical Japan was involved in discussions regarding the study design, but was not involved in the conduct of the study nor in the collection, management, analysis, or interpretation of the data; preparation, review, or approval of the manuscript; or the decision to submit the manuscript for publication.


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