Organoids, organs-on-chips, complex in vitro model: Definitions, applications, validation, ethics - 14/01/25

Doi : 10.1016/j.therap.2024.12.002

Guillaume Mottet ^a,^{^{2
Co-first authors.}}, Alexandre Grassart ^b,^{^{2
Co-first authors.},}⁎ , Philippe Barthélemy ^c, Corinne Antignac ^d,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Samuel Arrabal ^e,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Arnaud Bourdin ^f,^g,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Stéphanie Descroix ^h,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, John De Vos ^i,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Agathe Doutriaux ^j,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Quentin Fabrega ^k,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Ariane Galaup ^l,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Stéphanie Graff-Dubois ^m,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Stéphane Illiano ^n,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Cécile Legallais ^o,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Benoît Maisonneuve ^p,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, David Piwnica ^q,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Eric Quéméneur ^r,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Valérie Salentey ^s,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Julian Rozenberg ^j,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Athanassia Sotiropoulos ^t,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Raphael Tomasi ^u,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Nathalie Vergnolle ^v,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}, Philippe Devillier ^w,^{^{1
Participants of Round Table “Pharmacology and translational research” of Giens Workshops 2024.}}
^a Large Molecule Research Platform, Microfluidic Team, Sanofi R&D, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
^b CNRS, Inserm, institut Pasteur de Lille, U1019, UMR 9017, Center for Infection and Immunity of Lille (CIIL), CHU de Lille, université de Lille, 59000 Lille, France
^c Hôpital Antoine-Béclère, AP–HP, 92140 Clamart, France
^d Laboratoire des maladies rénales héréditaires, Inserm UMR1153, institut Imagine, université Paris Cité, 75000 Paris, France
^e Agence de la biomédecine, 93200 Saint-Denis, France
^f Département de pneumologie et addictologie, PhyMedExp, Inserm U1046, CNRS UMR 9214, University of Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
^g Hôpital Arnaud-de-Villeneuve, CHU de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
^h Laboratoire physique des cellules et cancer, PCC, CNRS UMR168, institut Curie, Sorbonne University, PSL University, 75000 Paris, France
ⁱ Ingénierie cellulaire et tissulaire, unité de thérapie cellulaire, CHU de Montpellier, 34000 Montpellier, France
^j Agence de l’innovation en santé (AIS), 75000 Paris, France
^k Direction des filières industrielles, Bpifrance, 75000 Paris, France
^l LEEM, 75000 Paris, France
^m UMRS 959, laboratoire i3, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Sorbonne université, 75000 Paris, France
ⁿ Sanofi, 94400 Vitry-sur-Seine, France
^o UMR CNRS 7338 biomécanique et bioingénierie, université de technologie de Compiègne, 60200 Compiègne, France
^p NETRI, 69000 Lyon, France
^q Institut de R&D Servier Paris-Saclay, 91190 Gif-sur-Yvette, France
^r Transgene, 67400 Illkirch-Graffenstaden, France
^s Regulatory Affairs and Quality Assurance, Sensorion, 34000 Montpellier, France
^t Inserm, GIS FC3R, 94700 Maisons-Alfort, France
^u Okomera, 93100 Montreuil, France
^v IRSD, Inserm, INRAE, ENVT, université Toulouse III – Paul-Sabatier, université de Toulouse, 31000 Toulouse, France
^w VIM Suresnes, UMR_0892, hôpital Foch, université Paris-Saclay, 92150 Suresnes, France

^⁎Corresponding author. Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille, CNRS UMR 9017, Inserm U 1019, institut Pasteur of Lille, 1, rue du Professeur-Calmette, 59000 Lille, France.Center for Infection & Immunity of Lille, CNRS UMR 9017, Inserm U 1019, institut Pasteur of Lille1, rue du Professeur-CalmetteLille59000France

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Summary

Over the past decade, new in vitro biological models have emerged which can reproduce certain characteristics of human physiology and pathologies. From organoids to organs-on-chips, these new technologies are currently revolutionizing the entire chain of research and development in pharmacology. All stakeholders are thus involved, from academic laboratories to pharmaceutical companies, start-ups, and assessment agencies. By providing better predictability, these new human biomimetic models also help address societal and ethical challenges regarding the place and use of animals in biomedical research. In this context, participants at the Ateliers de Giens (Giens Workshops) roundtable wished to examine the issues related to these new technologies with their various expertise and, given the stakes involved in the medicine and pharmacology of the future, formulate several recommendations aimed at strengthening the national structuring of the academic and industrial sector, therefore accelerating the development and validation of these new models.

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Keywords : Organoid, Stem cells, Organ on chip, CIVM, Ethics

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Abbreviations

Introduction

Organoids: a complex definition

The various cellular components from which CIVMs are derived

Domains of application and objectives

State of the art of research in the domain of CIVMs

CIVMs and animal experiments

A framework of reflection for the validation of CIVMs in France

Reflections and recommendations

Structuring

Validation and transposition: from in vitro to human

Funding

Ethics and donor consent

Training and communication

Conclusion

☆	The articles, analyses, and proposals of the Ateliers de Giens [Giens Workshop] are those of the authors and are not necessarily those of their organization.

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Organoids, organs-on-chips, complex in vitro model: Definitions, applications, validation, ethics - 14/01/25

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