Cystic fibrosis (CF) patients often undergo treatment with CFTR modulators, which have demonstrated high efficacy but also potential involvement in drug interactions. Inquiries regarding the risks of drug interactions with complementary and alternative medicine products (CAMp) and self-medication drugs have become frequent among patients and prescribers at Toulouse University Hospital. Currently, there is lack of literature on these practices within CF patients, particularly in France, and more so since the advent of CFTR modulators.

This observational monocentric study (MUCAUTOMED) aimed to characterize and quantify the prevalence of CAMp utilization among CF patients under our hospital's care. A secondary objective was to assess and describe the prevalence of self-medication practices. Surveys were administered to outpatients during visits from January 10 to June 6, 2022.

Out of 171 included patients, responses from 64 adults and 69 children were analyzed (response rate 133/171 = 77.8%). CAMp usage was reported by 56.3% of adults and 46.4% of children. Most patients use CAMp for enhancing wellness, addressing digestive concerns, and managing respiratory issues. Remarkably, 71.4% of participants were unaware of potential drug interactions with CAMp, and 48.9% initiated such use without consulting healthcare professionals. Notably, a significant correlation between CAMp utilization and self-medication was identified within the pediatric population.

Our investigation underscores a notably high prevalence of CAMp use among the CF population. Given these findings, it is imperative to routinely discuss CAMp utilization and self-medication practices when initiating CFTR modulator therapy. A multidisciplinary approach is recommended to address potential interactions that may impact overdosing and underdosing, ensuring patients and families are informed of associated risks.