Neonatal hypoglycemia is a common condition. Consensus on significant values has been difficult to establish. Due to potential for long-term impacts, screening and treatment are recommended. Infants at risk warrant monitoring. Various modalities exist to measure glucose levels. Plasma concentrations remain most accurate. Acute symptoms overlap with other conditions and are best treated with intravenous dextrose fluids. Asymptomatic newborns can be supported with enteral options that minimize separation of the mother-infant dyad. Further research into physiologic neonatal glycemic trends and the relation to long-term outcomes could aid in the prevention of overdiagnosis and overtreatment while providing reassurance against harm.