Changes in Rest-Activity Rhythms in Adolescents as They Age: Associations With Brain and Behavioral Changes in the ABCD Study - 27/08/25
, Melanie L. Schwandt, PhD a, Leah Vines, BS a, Nora D. Volkow, MD a, bAbstract |
Objective |
Adolescents with disrupted rest-activity rhythms (RARs), including shorter sleep duration, later sleep timing, and low physical activity levels, are at greater risk for mental health and behavioral problems. It remains unclear whether the same associations can be observed for within-subject changes in RARs.
Method |
This longitudinal investigation on RARs used Fitbit data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study at the 2-year follow-up (FL2) (ages 10-13 years) and 4-year follow-up (FL4) (ages 13-16 years). Good-quality Fitbit data were available for 963 youths at both time points. Changes in RARs from FL2 to FL4, their environmental and demographic contributors, and brain and behavioral correlates were examined.
Results |
From FL2 to FL4, adolescents showed decreases in sleep duration and physical activity as well as delayed sleep timing (Cohen d = 0.44-0.75). Contributions of environmental and demographic factors to RAR changes were greatest for sleep timing (explained 10% variance) and least for sleep duration (explained 1% variance). Delays in sleep timing had stronger correlations with behavioral problems including impulsivity and poor academic performance than reductions in sleep duration or physical activity. Additionally, the various brain measures differed in their sensitivity to RAR changes. Reductions in sleep duration were associated with decreased functional connectivity between subcortical regions and sensorimotor and cingulo-opercular networks and with enhanced functional connectivity between sensorimotor, visual, and auditory networks. Delays in sleep timing were mainly associated with gray matter changes in subcortical regions.
Conclusion |
The current findings corroborate the importance of sleep and physical activity in brain neurodevelopment and behavioral problems in adolescents. RARs might serve as biomarkers for monitoring behavioral problems and be potential therapeutic targets for mental disorders in adolescents.
Plain language summary |
Using data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study, the authors identified associations between rest-activity rhythms such as sleep timing, sleep duration, physical activity, and behavioral/brain changes in adolescents. Delays in sleep timing showed a higher correlation than reductions in sleep duration or physical activity with behavioral problems including impulsivity and poor academic performance. Structural and functional brain changes were observed with changes in sleep timing and duration. Environmental factors such as school involvement and time of the year influenced changes in sleep and activity.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Key words : actigraphy, brain development, rest-activity rhythms, school environment, sleep
Plan
| This work was accomplished with support from the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (ZIAAA000550). |
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| The research was performed with permission from the institutional review boards of all local study sites. |
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| Consent has been provided for descriptions of specific patient information. |
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| This work has been previously posted on a preprint server: 2024.03.19.24303825. |
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| Data Sharing: Data used in the preparation of this article were obtained from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study (abcdstudy.org), held in the NIMH Data Archive (NDA). This is a multisite, longitudinal study designed to recruit more than 10,000 children between ages 9 and 10 and follow them over 10 years into early adulthood. The ABCD Study is supported by the National Institutes of Health (NIH) and additional federal partners under award numbers U01DA041022, U01DA041025, U01DA041028, U01DA041048, U01DA041089, U01DA041093, U01DA041106, U01DA041117, U01DA041120, U01DA041134, U01DA041148, U01DA041156, U01DA041174, U24DA041123, and U24DA041147. A full list of supporters is available at nih-collaborators. A listing of participating sites and a complete listing of the study investigators can be found at principal-investigators.html. ABCD consortium investigators designed and implemented the study and/or provided data but did not necessarily participate in analysis or writing of this report. This manuscript reflects the views of the authors and may not reflect the opinions or views of the NIH or ABCD consortium investigators. The ABCD data repository grows and changes over time. The ABCD data used in this report came from study.html?id=2313. |
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| Melanie L. Schwandt served as the statistical expert for this research. |
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| Disclosure: Rui Zhang, Melanie L. Schwandt, Leah Vines, and Nora D. Volkow have reported no biomedical financial interests or potential conflicts of interest. |
Vol 64 - N° 9
P. 1056-1067 - septembre 2025 Retour au numéro
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