Cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT) is a rare yet serious cerebrovascular condition distinct from arterial stroke. Despite its low prevalence (0.5%–3% of strokes), incidence has risen due to improved awareness and diagnostics. CVT presents variably, commonly with headache, seizures, and focal deficits, making early recognition crucial. Diagnosis relies on CT/MR venography, while anticoagulation remains the mainstay of treatment. Prognosis is generally favorable, though long-term complications such as recurrent thrombosis and cognitive impairment are possible. Emerging research continues to refine diagnostic and management strategies, including anticoagulation choices and treatment of special populations such as pregnant patients.