Calcaneal osteotomies are surgical procedures performed to correct a hindfoot deformity or realign the calcaneus in conditions that include pes planus and pes cavus. These joint-sparing procedures offer the ability to realign the calcaneus, enhancing foot biomechanics, redistributing forces, and reducing pain and dysfunction. Among the most common types of calcaneal osteotomies are the medial slide, lateral slide, and Dwyer calcaneal osteotomy, each with distinct indications, advantages, and surgical considerations.