Polysomnography parameters in typically development and neuropsychiatric children: A systematic review and meta-analysis - 02/07/26

Doi : 10.1016/j.smrv.2026.102290

Zhi-Bo Zhang ^a,^{^{1
These authors contributed equally to the manuscript.}}, Yong-Bo Zheng ^b,^{^{1
These authors contributed equally to the manuscript.}}, Si-Zhen Su ^a,^{^{1
These authors contributed equally to the manuscript.}}, Li-Juan Bai ^c,^{^{1
These authors contributed equally to the manuscript.}}, Ying-Bo Yang ^d, Jianyu Que ^a, Jie Sun ^e, Xuan Chen ^a, Teng-Teng Fan ^a, Xiao Lin ^a, Wei Yan ^a, Le Shi ^a, Xiao-Xing Liu ^a, Michael V. Vitiello ^f, Yanqing Tang ^g, Yongxiang Wang ^d,^h,^⁎ , Yan-Ping Bao ^i,^⁎ , Kai Yuan ^a,^⁎ , Lin Lu ^a,^b,^d,^⁎

^a Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (No.2018RU006), Peking University, Beijing, China

^b Peking-Tsinghua Centre for Life Sciences and PKU-IDG/McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Peking University, Beijing, China

^c Shanxi Social Welfare Mental Corelle Hospital, Taiyuan, Shanxi Province, China

^d Shandong Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research; Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China

^e Center for Pain Medicine, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing, 100191, China

^f Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, USA

^g Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36 Sanhao Street, Shenyang, 110004, Liaoning, China

^h Department of Neurology, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to ShandongFirst Medical University, Jinan, Shandong, China

ⁱ National Institute on Drug Dependence and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Dependence Research, Peking University, Beijing, China

^⁎ Corresponding author. Shandong Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research; Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong Province, China. Shandong Institute of Brain Science and Brain-inspired Research; Medical Science and Technology Innovation Center Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences Jinan Shandong Province China ^⁎⁎ Corresponding author. ^⁎⁎⁎ Corresponding author. ^⁎⁎⁎⁎ Corresponding author. Peking University Sixth Hospital, Peking University Institute of Mental Health, NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University), National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (No.2018RU006), Peking University, Beijing, China. Peking University Sixth Hospital Peking University Institute of Mental Health NHC Key Laboratory of Mental Health (Peking University) National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders (Peking University Sixth Hospital) Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Research Unit (No.2018RU006) Peking University Beijing China

Handling Editor: Monica Andersen

Abstract

The scarcity of normative polysomnographic (PSG) parameters in typically developing (TD) children and adolescents, as well as those with neuropsychiatric disorders, limits sleep research and clinical management. This study aimed to characterize PSG parameters in TD participants from infancy to 18 years and compare them with those observed in pediatric neuropsychiatric disorders. Data were extracted from 135 publications in the Scopus database citing the AASM 2007 scoring manual and subsequent versions, involving 7015 TD children and 3421 neuropsychiatric participants. Among TD children, total sleep time (TST) was 459.44 min, and sleep efficiency (SE) was 87.87%; the proportions of N1, N2, and SWS were 4.94%, 46.73%, and 27.14%, respectively. With increasing age, sleep onset latency (SOL) and wake after sleep onset (WASO) decreased, while SWS and REM increased. SE and N2 were positively correlated with age. Neuropsychiatric children, particularly those with epilepsy, Down syndrome, and autism, showed significant differences in SE. These findings provide a comprehensive profile of PSG parameters in TD children, useful for the differential diagnosis and clinical management of neuropsychiatric disorders.

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Keywords : Sleep, Polysomnography, Neuropsychiatric disease, Children and adolescents

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Article 102290- août 2026 Retour au numéro

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Polysomnography parameters in typically development and neuropsychiatric children: A systematic review and meta-analysis - 02/07/26

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