Sedative-hypnotics constitute one of the most frequently abused class of drug in drug-facilitated crimes (DFCs), including robbery, sexual assault, and poisoning. Benzodiazepines, barbiturates, Z-drugs, and related central nervous system depressants are often the drug-of-choice due to their rapid onset, amnesic effects, and ease of concealment in matrices such as food items and beverages. Conventional forensic and toxicological analysis relies majorly on presumptive colour tests, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and confirmatory techniques which involves instrumental analysis. However, these approaches come with shortcomings including subjectivity, limited sensitivity in trace samples, infrastructural constraints, and delayed turnaround time. Recent advancements in digital image colorimetry, smartphone-assisted analysis, image-based TLC densitometry, and paper-based analytical devices (PADs) have transformed classical methodologies into semi-quantitative, objective, and field-deployable platforms for enhanced forensic and clinical screening workflows. This review critically examines the evolution of forensic analysis of sedative-hypnotics, emphasizing the transition from traditional presumptive testing to modern digital and microfluidic paper-based approaches. Applications in seized drug analysis, biological matrices, beverage residues, and post-mortem investigations are discussed. The review highlights the role of image processing, chemometrics, TLC image densitometry, and PADs in improving reliability, accessibility, and forensic relevance. Future perspectives focusing on standardization, validation, and courtroom admissibility of these emerging techniques are also discussed.