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Ascorbic acid in Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1A (CMT-TRIAAL and CMT-TRAUK): a double-blind randomised trial - 06/08/11

Doi : 10.1016/S1474-4422(11)70025-4 
Davide Pareyson, DrMD a, , Mary M Reilly, ProfFRCP b, Angelo Schenone, MD c, Gian Maria Fabrizi, MD d, Tiziana Cavallaro, MD d, Lucio Santoro, ProfMD e, Giuseppe Vita, ProfMD f, Aldo Quattrone, ProfMD g, h, Luca Padua, MD i, j, Franco Gemignani, MD k, Francesco Visioli, PhD l, m, Matilde Laurà, MD b, Davide Radice, MSc n, Daniela Calabrese, MSc a, Richard AC Hughes, ProfFRCP b, Alessandra Solari, MD a

for the CMT-TRIAAL and CMT-TRAUK groups

  Members listed at end of paper

a Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico (IRCCS) Foundation, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Milan, Italy 
b Medical Research Council Centre for Neuromuscular Diseases, University College London Institute of Neurology, London, UK 
c Department of Neurology, Ophthalmology, and Genetics, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy 
d Department of Neurological, Neuropsychological, Morphological, and Motor Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy 
e Department of Neurological Sciences, Federico II University of Naples, Naples, Italy 
f Department of Neurosciences, Psychiatry, and Anaesthesiology, University of Messina, Messina, Italy 
g Department of Medical Sciences, Institute of Neurology, University Magna Graecia, Catanzaro, Italy 
h Neuroimaging Research Unit, National Research Council, Catanzaro, Italy 
i Department of Neuroscience, Institute of Neurology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy 
j Don Gnocchi Foundation, Milan, Italy 
k Department of Neurosciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy 
l Department of Pharmacological Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy 
m Madrid Institute for Advanced Studies on Food (IMDEA Food), Madrid, Spain 
n Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy 

* Correspondence to: Dr Davide Pareyson, Clinic of Central and Peripheral Degenerative Neuropathies Unit, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, IRCCS Foundation, Carlo Besta Neurological Institute, Via Celoria 11, 20133 Milan, Italy

Summary

Background

Ascorbic acid reduced the severity of neuropathy in transgenic mice overexpressing peripheral myelin protein 22 (PMP22), a model of Charcot–Marie–Tooth disease type 1A (CMT1A) associated with the PMP22 duplication. However, in three 1-year trials, ascorbic acid had no benefit in human beings. We did a multicentre 2-year trial to test the efficacy and tolerability of ascorbic acid in patients with CMT1A.

Methods

Adult patients (aged 18–70 years) with symptomatic CMT1A were enrolled from nine centres in Italy and the UK, and were randomly assigned (1:1 ratio) to receive 1·5 g/day oral ascorbic acid or matching placebo for 24 months. The randomisation sequence was computer generated by block randomisation, stratified by centre and disease severity, and patients were allocated to treatment by telephone. The primary outcome was change in the CMT neuropathy score (CMTNS) at 24 months. Secondary outcomes were timed 10 m walk test, nine-hole peg test, overall neuropathy limitations scale, distal maximal voluntary isometric contraction, visual analogue scales for pain and fatigue, 36-item short-form questionnaire, and electrophysiological measurements. Patients, treating physicians, and physicians assessing outcome measures were masked to treatment allocation. Analysis of the primary outcome was done on all randomised patients who received at least one dose of study drug. This study is registered, numbers ISRCTN61074476 (CMT-TRAUK) and EudraCT 2006-000032-27 (CMT-TRIAAL).

Findings

We enrolled and randomly assigned 277 patients, of whom six (four assigned to receive ascorbic acid) withdrew consent before receiving treatment; 138 receiving ascorbic acid and 133 receiving placebo were eligible for analysis. Treatment was well tolerated: 241 of 271 patients (89% in each group) completed the study; 20 patients (nine receiving ascorbic acid) dropped out because of adverse events. Mean CMTNS at baseline with missing data imputed was 14·7 (SD 4·8) in the ascorbic acid group and 13·9 (4·2) in the placebo group. Mean worsening of CMTNS was 0·2 (SD 2·8, 95% CI −0·3 to 0·7) in the ascorbic acid group and 0·2 (2·7, −0·2 to 0·7) in the placebo group (mean difference 0·0, 95% CI −0·6 to 0·7; p=0·93). We recorded no differences between the groups for the secondary outcomes at 24 months. 21 serious adverse events occurred in 20 patients, eight in the ascorbic acid group and 13 in the placebo group.

Interpretation

Ascorbic acid supplementation had no significant effect on neuropathy compared with placebo after 2 years, suggesting that no evidence is available to support treatment with ascorbic acid in adults with CMT1A.

Funding

Telethon-UILDM and AIFA (Italian Medicines Agency) for CMT-TRIAAL, and Muscular Dystrophy Campaign for CMT-TRAUK.

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Vol 10 - N° 4

P. 320-328 - avril 2011 Retour au numéro
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