Considerable strides have been made by countless individual researchers in diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) to push DWI from an experimental tool, limited to a few institutions with specialized instrumentation, to a powerful tool used routinely for diagnostic imaging. The field of DWI constantly evolves, and progress has been made on several fronts. These developments are primarily composed of improved robustness against patient and physiologic motion, increased spatial resolution, new biophysical and tissue models, and new clinical applications for DWI. This article aims to provide a succinct overview of some of these new developments and a description of some of the major challenges associated with DWI.