Extensively Drug-resistant Tuberculosis: Epidemiology and Management Challenges - 12/08/11
, Robin M. Warren, PhD d, Alimuddin Zumla, FRCP, PhD(Lond), FRCPath c, Martin P. Grobusch, MD, MSc, DTM&H, FRCP(Lond) e, fRésumé |
Widespread global use of rifampin for 2 decades preceded the emergence of clinically significant multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in the early 1990s. The prevalence of MDR-TB has gradually increased such that it accounts for
5% of the global case burden of disease (approximately half a million cases in 2007). Eclipsing this worrying trend is the widespread emergence of extensively drug-resistant TB (XDR-TB). This article reviews the insights provided by clinical and molecular epidemiology regarding global trends and transmission dynamics of XDR-TB, and the challenges clinicians have to face in diagnosing and managing cases of XDR-TB. The ethical and management dilemmas posed by recurrent defaulters, XDR-TB treatment failures, and isolation of incurable patients are also discussed. Given the past global trends in MDR-TB, if aggressive preventive and management strategies are not implemented, XDR-TB has the potential to severely cripple global control efforts of TB.
Keywords : Extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis, Human, Epidemiology, Survival, HIV
Plan
| This work and KD were supported by a TBsusgent grant from the European Commission (EU-FP7), the European and Developing Countries Clinical Trials Partnership, a South African Medical Research Council Career Development Award, and a National Research Foundation/South African Research Chairs Initiative award. |
Vol 24 - N° 3
P. 705-725 - septembre 2010 Retour au numéroBienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.
L’accès au texte intégral de cet article nécessite un abonnement.
Déjà abonné à cette revue ?
