Control of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in planktonic form and biofilms: A biocidal efficacy study of nonthermal dielectric-barrier discharge plasma - 12/08/11
, Michelle Paff, BS a, Gary Friedman, PhD b, Greg Fridman, PhD b, c, Alexander Fridman, PhD b, Ari D. Brooks, MD a
Address correspondence to Suresh G. Joshi, MD, PhD, Program on Surgical Infections Research, Department of Surgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th St, Mail 413, NCB-7150, Philadelphia, PA 19102.Abstract |
Background |
Bacterial contamination of surfaces with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a serious problem in the hospital environment and is responsible for significant nosocomial infections. The pathogenic contaminants form biofilms, which are difficult to treat with routine biocides. Thus, a continuous search for novel disinfection methods is essential for effective infection control measures. This demonstration of a novel technique for the control of virulent pathogens in planktonic form as well as in established biofilms may provide a progressive alternative to standard methodology.
Methods |
We evaluated a novel technique of normal atmospheric nonthermal plasma known as floating-electrode dielectric-barrier discharge (FE-DBD) plasma against a control of planktonic and biofilm forms of Escherichia coli, S aureus, multidrug-resistant methicillin-resistant S aureus (MRSA) -95 (clinical isolate), -USA300, and -USA400, using widely accepted techniques such as colony count assay, LIVE/DEAD BacLight Bacterial Viability assay, and XTT (2,3-Bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide) assay.
Results |
Exposure of free living planktonic forms of E coli, S aureus, and MRSA were rapidly inactivated by DBD plasma. Approximately 107 bacterial cells were completely (100%) killed, whereas 108 and 109 were reduced by approximately 90% to 95% and 40% to 45%, respectively, in less than 60 seconds (7.8 J/cm2) and completely disinfected in ≤120 seconds. In established biofilms, the susceptibility of MRSA USA400 was comparable with USA300 but less susceptible than MRSA95 (clinical isolate), S aureus, and E coli (P < .05) to FE-DBD plasma, and plasma was able to kill MRSA more than 60% within 15 seconds (1.95 J/cm2). The killing responses were plasma exposure-time dependent, and cell density dependent. The plasma was able disinfect surfaces in a less than 120 seconds.
Conclusion |
Application of DBD plasma can be a valuable decontamination technique for the removal of planktonic and biofilm-embedded bacteria such as MRSA -USA 300, -USA 400, methicillin-sensitive S aureus (MSSA), and E coli, the more common hospital contaminants. Of interest, E coli was more resistant than S aureus phenotypes.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Key Words : Dielectric-Barrier Discharge plasma, dielectric barrier discharge, nonthermal plasma, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, methicillin-resistant S aureus, MRSA, infection control
Plan
| Supported through the award from Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), Department of Defense of the United States Government, and the Telemedicine and Advanced Technology Research Center (TATRC). |
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| Conflicts of interest: None to report. |
Vol 38 - N° 4
P. 293-301 - mai 2010 Retour au numéro
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