The perioral region has certain anatomic characteristics that make it unique and responsive to different types of rejuvenation treatments, including surgery, soft tissue fillers, laser, and chemical peeling. An understanding of the structural anatomy, relationships to other facial units, attractiveness, and analysis of the aging process will help the surgeon select appropriate and long-lasting treatments. This article serves as a basis for facial analysis and preoperative planning, presuming a normal dental–skeletal relationship. Precise relationships and measurements are described together with an emphasis on sound clinical judgment and good esthetic sense.