First-aid treatment of anaphylaxis to food: Focus on epinephrine - 24/08/11
Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada
Abstract |
Avoiding food triggers for anaphylactic reactions (severe acute systemic allergic reactions) is easier said than done. Most episodes of anaphylaxis to food occur unexpectedly in the community in the absence of a health care professional. All individuals at risk should therefore have an emergency action plan in place. The cornerstone of first-aid treatment of anaphylaxis is epinephrine injected intramuscularly in the vastus lateralis muscle (lateral aspect of the thigh). In this review, we focus on epinephrine. We examine a therapeutic dilemma: the issue of epinephrine dose selection in an individual for whom no optimal fixed-dose auto-injector formulation exists, and a therapeutic controversy: the issue of epinephrine injection versus an oral H1-antihistamine in anaphylaxis episodes that appear to be mild. The pharmaceutical industry could address the first of these issues by providing a wider range of epinephrine fixed doses in easy-to-use auto-injectors, or by providing adjustable epinephrine doses in auto-injectors. The second issue could be addressed in part by development of alternative routes of epinephrine administration for the first-aid, out-of-hospital treatment of anaphylaxis.
Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.Keywords : Acute allergic reaction, adrenaline, adults, anaphylaxis, auto-injector, children, epinephrine, EpiPen, EpiPen Jr, food allergy, peanut allergy, H1-antihistamines, activated charcoal
Abbreviations : tmax
Plan
Date first published: May 7, 2004; date retracted: May 21, 2004; date republished: May 25, 2004. |
Vol 113 - N° 5
P. 837-844 - mai 2004 Retour au numéroBienvenue sur EM-consulte, la référence des professionnels de santé.
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