Obstetricians are poised uniquely to provide women in their care with evidence-based breastfeeding information. Management strategies that promote and maintain the normal function of the lactating breast, including prenatal preparation for breastfeeding, intrapartum management, and postpartum guidelines, are described in this article. Current trends in breastfeeding initiation, duration rates, and health benefits of breastfeeding for mother and infant also are discussed. This article includes issues like maternal diet, smoking, exercise, fertility, and contraception during lactation.