Custom-made orthotic devices are beneficial as preoperative and postoperative modalities. The decision to institute conservative treatment depends largely on the patient's pathology and the goals desired. The evolution of orthotic and prosthetic modalities from heavy leather and metal to lightweight plastics and composites has revolutionized the use and application of conservative treatment. Advances in the science and study of biomechanics and kinematics have helped improve our understanding of static and dynamic function. Material properties and their ability to augment as well as resist movement have been improved. In this article, the authors discuss various foot and ankle pathologies and the recommended conservative protocols to aid in their resolution.