For years, athletes have turned to ergogenic agents in an attempt to gain the edge that could make the difference between winning and losing. Anabolic-androgenic steroids (AASs), with their inherent muscle-building capacity, have been the drug of choice for many of these athletes. Although AASs are still widely used, recent developments have had an impact on their use by athletes. First, the Anabolic Steroids Control Act of 1990 reclassified AASs as controlled drugs, making them more difficult to obtain and use. Second, the United States Dietary Supplement Health and Education Act of 1994 opened the door for many steroid supplements to be easily purchased over the counter. Finally, sports organizations have continued to add more drugs to their lists of banned substances and detection methods for illicit drugs have improved. This article attempts to review the recent data on AASs and other steroid compounds.