MINOR PEDIATRIC INJURIES - 08/09/11

Doi : 10.1016/S0031-3955(05)70048-1

Shahid Shafi, MB, BS, MPH ^{^{*
From the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo; and Pediatric Trauma, Kiwanis Pediatric Trauma Center, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York}}, James C. Gilbert, MD ^{^{*
From the Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo; and Pediatric Trauma, Kiwanis Pediatric Trauma Center, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Buffalo, Buffalo, New York}}

Résumé

Trauma is the leading cause of death and disability in children over the age of 1 year.^{69 Polhgeers A., Ruddy R.M. An update on pediatric trauma Emerg Med Clin North Am 1995 ; 13 : 267

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} The incidence of injuries sustained by children in the United States is estimated to be approximately 30 episodes per 100 children per year, resulting in a loss of 28 school days per 100 children per year.^{2 Anonymous Vital and health statistics: Current estimates from the national health interview survey, 1990 Hyattsville, Maryland: National Center for Health Statistics, Centers for Disease Control, Public Health Service, US Department of Health and Human Services (1991).

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} With an estimated 60,000 admissions per year, injuries are the second leading cause of hospitalization in children (20%) after respiratory illnesses (23%).^{79 Rodriguez J.G. Childhood injuries in the United States Am J Dis Child 1990 ; 144 : 627

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} In addition, almost 16 million children are evaluated for injuries in emergency departments around the country every year.^{79 Rodriguez J.G. Childhood injuries in the United States Am J Dis Child 1990 ; 144 : 627

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} It is estimated that unintentional childhood injuries resulted in a cost to the society of at least $7.5 billion in 1982.^{37 Guyer B., Ellers B. Childhood injuries in the United States: Mortality, morbidity and cost Am J Dis Child 1990 ; 144 : 649

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} So far, the focus of trauma care has been on early identification of major injuries.^{43 Knopp R., Yanagi A., Kallsen G. , et al. Mechanism of injury and anatomic injury as criteria for prehospital trauma triage Ann Emerg Med 1988 ; 17 : 895 [cross-ref]

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} However, minor injuries account for the majority of trauma admissions and costs.^{52 MacKenzie E.J., Morris J.A., Smith G.S. Acute hospital costs of trauma in the United States: Implications for regionalized systems of care J Trauma 1990 ; 30 : 1096 [cross-ref]

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} A population-based study in Massachusetts found that for every child dying of an injury, 45 are hospitalized and 1300 require treatment in an emergency department.^{37 Guyer B., Ellers B. Childhood injuries in the United States: Mortality, morbidity and cost Am J Dis Child 1990 ; 144 : 649

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} The number of children treated in doctor's offices and those who never received medical attention remains unknown. The objective of this article is to provide a brief overview of minor pediatric injuries that may be managed safely and effectively in an office setting, and also to provide a guideline for referral for advanced care.

Le texte complet de cet article est disponible en PDF.

Plan

Address reprint requests to James C. Gilbert, MD, Department of Pediatric Surgery, Children's Hospital of Buffalo, 219 Bryant Street, Buffalo, NY 14222