HIV INFECTION AND AIDS - 08/09/11

Doi : 10.1016/S0095-4543(05)70086-5

William T. Shearer, MD, PhD ^{^{*
Departments of Pediatrics, Microbiology, and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine; and the Allergy and Immunology Service, Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas}}

Résumé

A recent report suggests that the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) was introduced into the human population in West Africa shortly before 1959.^{74 Zhu Tuofu, Korber B.T., Nahmias A.J. , et al. An African HIV-1 sequence from 1959 and implications for the origin of the epidemic Nature 1998 ; 391 : 594-597

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} The rapid spread of the infection threatens the entire world. It has been estimated that in 1997, there were over 30 million people in the world infected with HIV, and by the year 2000 over 40 million.^{59 Piot P: Global epidemiology of HIV infection [Abstract S-33]. 37th Interscience Conference on Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy, Toronto, Canada, 1997

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références} It is clear from world statistics that there is an equal distribution of new infections between men and women, and that heterosexual transmission accounts for the vast majority of cases. Of considerable poignancy is the fact that there soon will be five million AIDS orphans in the world because of the loss of infected parents, as well as an equal number of children with HIV infection. One thousand children and 15,000 adults become infected with HIV every day. Of special note in the United States is the discovery that women, particularly women of minority race, are experiencing the greatest increases in infection by HIV.^{73 Wortley P.M., Fleming P.L. AIDS in women in the United States JAMA 1997 ; 278 : 911-916

Cliquez ici pour aller à la section Références}

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Plan

HEALTH CARE COSTS AND RESEARCH DOLLARS

HIV DISEASE CATEGORIES

DIAGNOSIS OF HIV INFECTION

ENTRY OF HIV INTO HUMAN CELLS:CHEMOKINE RECEPTORS

HIV PATHOGENESIS

VIRAL BURDEN

ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY OF HIV INFECTION

IMMUNOPROPHYLAXIS, IMMUNOTHERAPY, IMMUNORECONSTITUTION

CONCLUSION

Address reprint requests to William T. Shearer, MD, PhD, Department of Allergy and Immunology, Texas Children's Hospital, 6621 Fannin Street, MC: 1-3291, Houston, TX 77030-2399
Supported in part by the National Institutes of Health grants U01 Al-27751, U01 Al-34840, N01 HR-96040, R01 HD-34031, R01 Al-39131, and P30 Al-36211; and by the Immunology Research and Pediatric AIDS Funds of Texas Children's Hospital.
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