To identify visually significant spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) features of epiretinal membranes (ERM) in patients with uveitis.

Retrospective cohort and cross-sectional study.

Eighty consecutive eyes with uveitis and SD-OCT–documented ERM were included. Clinical data were collected at the time of diagnosis of ERM and at the final visit. SD-OCT images at the last visit were evaluated to identify fovea and ERM configuration and structural changes. Changes of 10% and 20% in central subfield thickness between initial and last SD-OCT were calculated and correlated with visual acuity (VA). An ERM thickness map was created using validated SD-OCT grading software.

VA improved significantly in eyes with more than 12 months of follow-up (P = .03). Although inflammation activity and medical treatment methods were no different in eyes with more or less than 12 months of follow-up, 16 eyes in the subset with longer follow-up underwent cataract extraction and intraocular lens implantation. Kaplan-Meier analysis demonstrated few vision losses during the follow-up period. Change in central subfield thickness did not correlate with VA. Foveal center involvement (P < .001), focal attachment of the ERM (P = .003), and foveal inner segment and outer segment junction disruption (P = .006) were associated independently with lower VA. ERM was thinner in eyes with 20/40 or better VA (4.6 ± 0.6 μm) compared with eyes with VA of less than 20/200 (P = .02). Longer duration of ERM was associated with thicker ERM (P < .05).

In most eyes with uveitis and ERM, VA remains stable if ocular inflammation and comorbidities are addressed appropriately.