Nuclear field shift in natural environments - 30/05/13

Doi : 10.1016/j.crte.2013.01.004

Frédéric Moynier ^a,^⁎ , Toshiyuki Fujii ^b, Gregory A. Brennecka ^c, Sune G. Nielsen ^d
^a Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, Campus Box 1169, 1, Brookings Drive, Saint-Louis, MO 63130-4862, USA
^b Research Reactor Institute, Kyoto University, 2-1010 Asashiro Nishi, Kumatori, 590-0494 Sennan Osaka, Japan
^c Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA 94550, USA
^d Department of Geology and Geophysics, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, 02543 MA, USA

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Abstract

The nuclear field shift (NFS) is an isotope shift in atomic energy levels caused by a combination of differences in nuclear size and shape and electron densities at the nucleus. The effect of NFS in isotope fractionation was theoretically established by Bigeleisen, 1996 and has been analytically measured in laboratory chemical exchange reactions. More recently, some isotopic variations of heavy elements (Hg, Tl, U) measured in natural systems as well as isotopic anomalies measured for lower-mass elements in meteorites have been attributed to the NFS effect. These isotopic variations open up new and exciting fields of investigations in Earth sciences. In this paper, we review the different natural systems in which NFS has been proposed to be the origin of isotopic variations.

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Keywords : Nuclear Field Shift, Isotopes, CAIs, Uranium, Meteorites