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Prevalence, Incidence and Prognostic Implications of Left Bundle Branch Block in Patients with Chronic Coronary Syndromes (From the CLARIFY Registry) - 02/06/21

Doi : 10.1016/j.amjcard.2021.03.047 
Arthur Darmon, MD a, b, , Gregory Ducrocq, MDPhD a, b, Yedid Elbez, MSc b, Batric Popovic, MD c, Emmanuel Sorbets, MDPhD a, b, d, e, Roberto Ferrari, MD f, Ian Ford, PhD g, Jean-Claude Tardif, MD h, Michal Tendera, MD i, Kim M. Fox, MD j, Philippe Gabriel Steg, MD a, b, e, j
on behalf of the

CLARIFY Investigators

a Université de Paris, Assistance Publique – Hôpitaux de Paris 
b FACT, French Alliance for Cardiovascular Trials, Département Hospitalo-Universitaire FIRE, Hôpital Bichat, Paris, France 
c Département de Cardiologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nancy, France 
d Assistance Publique - Hopitaux de Paris, Hôtel Dieu, Centre de Diagnostic et de Thérapeutique 
e INSERM U-1148, Laboratory for Vascular Translationnal Science 
f Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Ferrara and Maria Cecilia Hospital, GVM Care & Research, Cotignola, Italy 
g Robertson Centre for Biostatistics, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom 
h Montreal Heart Institute, Université de Montréal, Montreal, Canada 
i Department of Cardiology and Structural Heart Disease, Medical University of Silesia, School of Medicine in Katowice, Katowice, Poland 
j National Heart and Lung Institute, Royal Brompton Hospital, Imperial College, London, United Kingdom 

Corresponding author: Tel.: +33 1 40 25 66 57, fax: +33 1 40 25 88 65.

Riassunto

Left Bundle Branch Block (LBBB) is a frequently encountered electrical abnormality in patients with chronic (more than 3 months after myocardial infarction, or evidence of coronary artery disease with ischemia) coronary syndromes (CCS), but its prognostic significance remains unclear. We aimed to describe the prevalence, incidence and five-year outcomes of LBBB in outpatients with CCS using the CLARIFY registry. Main outcome was a composite of CV death, MI or stroke. Secondary outcomes included all cause death, hospitalization for heart failure (HF) and permanent pacemaker implantation. Among 23.544 patients with available information regarding LBBB status at baseline, 1.041 (4.4%) had LBBB at baseline and 1.015 (4.5%) patients developed a new LBBB during 5-year follow-up. In multivariate analysis, LBBB at baseline was not associated with the composite outcome of CV death, MI or stroke (HR 1.06, 95% CI [0.86 – 1.31], p = 0.67) or the risk of all-cause death (HR 1.07, 95% CI [0.87 – 1.32], p = 0.52) but was significantly associated with a higher risk of hospitalization for HF (HR 1.50, 95% CI [1.21 – 1.88], p < 0.001) and permanent pacemaker implantation (HR 2.11, 95% CI [1.45 – 3.07], p < 0.001). The main factors associated with new-onset LBBB were male sex (HR 0.8 [0.66-0.98], p = 0.028) history of atrial fibrillation (HR 1.29, 95% CI [1.01 – 1.64], p = 0.04), CABG (HR 1.27, [1.08 – 1.51], p = 0.004) and MI (HR 1.19, 95% CI [1.01 – 1.40], p = 0.034). In conclusion, in a contemporary registry of outpatients with CCS, the prevalence of LBBB was 4.4% and the additional 5-years incidence 6.2%. LBBB, in itself, was not associated with a higher risk of major adverse cardiovascular events or all cause mortality. It was however an independent predictor of risk of hospitalization for heart failure and permanent pacemaker implantation.

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