Immunotherapy for treatment of allergic disease can be highly effective, providing relief of symptoms and affecting the natural history of the disease. The benefit of this treatment was first suggested early in the twentieth century, and studies during the last 3 to 4 decades confirm the clinical benefit and possible immunologic mechanisms. It is possible that the progression of inhalant allergic disease (allergic rhinitis) can be prevented. The concepts for optimal immunotherapy and minimization of potential side effects are well-established. In view of these developmerits and the additional increasing costs of medication to treat allergic disease, it is time to recommend greater use of immunotherapy for treatment of allergic respiratory disease.

The value of immunotherapy for insect sting allergy is well-substantiated and continued education regarding its efficacy is still necessary. Future directions are promising with the development of recombinant proteins, different adjuvants, and more effective delivery systems.