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Nomogram as a novel predictive tool for lymph node metastasis in T1 colorectal cancer treated with endoscopic resection: a nationwide, multicenter study - 17/05/23

Doi : 10.1016/j.gie.2023.01.022 
Yoshiki Kajiwara, MD, PhD 1, , Shiro Oka, MD, PhD 2, Shinji Tanaka, MD, PhD 2, Takahiro Nakamura, MD, PhD 3, Shoichi Saito, MD, PhD 4, Yosuke Fukunaga, MD, PhD 5, Manabu Takamatsu, MD, PhD 6, Hiroshi Kawachi, MD, PhD 6, Kinichi Hotta, MD, PhD 7, Hiroaki Ikematsu, MD, PhD 8, Motohiro Kojima, MD, PhD 9, Yutaka Saito, MD, PhD 10, Masayoshi Yamada, MD, PhD 10, Yukihide Kanemitsu, MD, PhD 11, Shigeki Sekine, MD, PhD 12, Shinji Nagata, MD, PhD 13, Kazutaka Yamada, MD, PhD 14, Nozomu Kobayashi, MD, PhD 15, Soichiro Ishihara, MD, PhD 16, Yusuke Saitoh, MD, PhD 17, Kenji Matsuda, MD, PhD 18, Kazutomo Togashi, MD, PhD 19, Koji Komori, MD, PhD 20, Megumi Ishiguro, MD, PhD 21, Toshio Kuwai, MD, PhD 22, Takashi Okuyama, MD, PhD 23, Akihiro Ohuchi, MD, PhD 24, Shinobu Ohnuma, MD, PhD 25, Kazuhiro Sakamoto, MD, PhD 26, Tamotsu Sugai, MD, PhD 27, Kenji Katsumata, MD, PhD 28, Hiro-o Matsushita, MD, PhD 29, Hiro-o Yamano, MD, PhD 30, Hirotsugu Eda, MD, PhD 31, Toshio Uraoka, MD, PhD 32, Naohiko Akimoto, MD, PhD 33, Hirotoshi Kobayashi, MD, PhD 34, Yoichi Ajioka, MD, PhD 35, Kenichi Sugihara, MD, PhD 36, Hideki Ueno, MD, PhD 1
1 Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan 
2 Department of Endoscopy, Hiroshima University Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan 
3 Laboratory for Mathematics, National Defense Medical College, Tokorozawa, Japan 
4 Department of Lower Gastrointestinal Medicine, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan 
5 Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan 
6 Department of Pathology, Cancer Institute Hospital, Japanese Foundation for Cancer Research, Tokyo, Japan 
7 Division of Endoscopy, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan 
8 Department of Gastroenterology and Endoscopy, National Cancer Center Hospital East, Kashiwa, Japan 
9 Division of Pathology, Exploratory Oncology Research & Clinical Trial Center, National Cancer Center, Kashiwa, Japan 
10 Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan 
11 Department of Colorectal Surgery, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan 
12 Pathology and Clinical Laboratory Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan 
13 Department of Gastroenterology, Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital, Hiroshima, Japan 
14 Coloproctology Center Takano Hospital, Kumamoto, Japan 
15 Department of Gastroenterology, Tochigi Cancer Center, Utsunomiya, Japan 
16 Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan 
17 Digestive Disease Center, Asahikawa City Hospital, Hokkaido, Japan 
18 Second Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Wakayama Medical University, Wakayama, Japan 
19 Department of Coloproctology, Aizu Medical Center, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan 
20 Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Nagoya, Japan 
21 Medical Innovation Promotion Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan 
22 Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Kure Medical Center and Chugoku Cancer Center, Kure, Japan 
23 Department of Surgery, Dokkyo Medical University Saitama Medical Center, Saitama, Japan 
24 Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Kurume University, Fukuoka, Japan 
25 Department of Surgery, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan 
26 Department of Coloproctological Surgery, Juntendo University Faculty of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan 
27 Department of Molecular Diagnostic Pathology, School of Medicine, Iwate Medical University, Iwate, Japan 
28 Department of Gastrointestinal and Pediatric Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan 
29 Digestive Disease Center, Akita Red Cross Hospital, Akita, Japan 
30 Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan 
31 Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine, Hyogo, Japan 
32 Department of Gastroenterology, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan 
33 Department of Gastroenterology, Nippon Medical School, Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan 
34 Department of Surgery, Tokyo Metropolitan Hiroo Hospital, Tokyo, Japan 
35 Division of Molecular and Diagnostic Pathology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan 
36 Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan 

Reprint requests: Yoshiki Kajiwara, MD, PhD, Department of Surgery, National Defense Medical College, 3-2 Namiki, Tokorozawa, Saitama 359-8513, Japan. Department of Surgery National Defense Medical College 3-2 Namiki Tokorozawa Saitama 359-8513 Japan

Abstract

Background and Aims

Since 2009, the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum guidelines have recommended that tumor budding and submucosal invasion depth, in addition to lymphovascular invasion and tumor grade, be included as risk factors for lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with T1 colorectal cancer (CRC). In this study, a novel nomogram was developed and validated by usirge-scale, real-world data, including the Japanese Society for Cancer of the Colon and Rectum risk factors, to accurately evaluate the risk of LNM in T1 CRC.

Methods

Data from 4673 patients with T1 CRC treated at 27 high-volume institutions between 2009 and 2016 were analyzed for LNM risk. To prepare a nonrandom split sample, the total cohort was divided into development and validation cohorts. Pathologic findings were extracted from the medical records of each participating institution. The discrimination ability was measured by using the concordance index, and the variability in each prediction was evaluated by using calibration curves.

Results

Six independent risk factors for LNM, including submucosal invasion depth and tumor budding, were identified in the development cohort and entered into a nomogram. The concordance index was .784 for the clinical calculator in the development cohort and .790 in the validation cohort. The calibration curve approached the 45-degree diagonal in the validation cohort.

Conclusions

This is the first nomogram to include submucosal invasion depth and tumor budding for use in routine pathologic diagnosis based on data from a nationwide multi-institutional study. This nomogram, developed with real-world data, should improve decision-making for an appropriate treatment strategy for T1 CRC.

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Graphical abstract




Il testo completo di questo articolo è disponibile in PDF.

Abbreviations : CRC, JSCCR, LNM, NCCN


Mappa


  DISCLOSURE: All authors disclosed no financial relationships .


© 2023  American Society for Gastrointestinal Endoscopy. Pubblicato da Elsevier Masson SAS. Tutti i diritti riservati.
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