To evaluate sexual dysfunction and enlargement of seminal vesicles in sexually active men who were treated by α1-blockers for benign prostatic hyperplasia and its possible clinical application.

This is a prospective cohort study from January 2015 to December 2016. We enrolled sexually active men above the age of 40 years having moderate to severe lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). We excluded patients with a history of prostate surgery, suspicious digital rectal examination findings, a serum prostate-specific antigen of >4 ng/dL, and a history of medication with anticholinergic, cholinergic, and diuretic agents. Patients were divided into groups A, B, and C based on the prescription of silodosin 8 mg, tamsulosin 0.4 mg, or alfuzosin 10 mg orally once for LUTS and at 4 and 12 weeks.

The mean age was 54.8 years (41-68 years). Twelve weeks of treatment with silodosin, tamsulosin, and alfuzosin resulted in a significant improvement in the total International Prostate Symptom Score and the quality of life score (P <.001). The baseline erectile function scores were 26.4, 27.6, and 28.1, and the baseline overall satisfaction (OS) (International Index of Erectile Function [IIEF]-OS) scores were 7.1, 8.3, and 8.6 among groups A, B, and C, respectively. After 12 weeks of α1-blockers, the IIEF-erectile function scores were 24.0, 24.7, and 26.2, and the IIEF-OS scores were 6.4, 7.8, and 7.9. All 3 groups demonstrated a statistically significant enlargement of seminal vesicles after 12 weeks' treatment, most significant in group A patients (7.65-14.11 cc, P <.001).

Alpha-blockers as silodosin, tamsulosin, and alfuzosin are a safe and effective tool in benign prostatic hyperplasia for improving LUTS and the quality of life. Loss of seminal emission with alpha-blockers appears as the cause of seminal vesicle enlargement. The exact mechanism of these findings needs further clinical and experimental research.