Evolution of baseline characteristics and severe outcomes in COVID-19 inpatients during the first and second waves in Northeastern France - 03/11/21

Doi : 10.1016/j.idnow.2021.10.002

M. Martinot ^a,⁎ , M. Eyriey ^b, S. Gravier ^a, D. Kayser ^a, C. Ion ^a, M. Mohseni-Zadeh ^a, J.C. Ongagna ^b, A. Schieber ^b, C. Kempf ^b
the
Centre Alsace Study Group^¹
Centre Alsace Study Group: Gilles Blaison, Maxime Bach-Bunner, Anne Dindoyal, Davide Cortese, Inesa Petrosyan, Anne Leluan, Bastien Bouldoires, Jean-Marie Woehl, Laurent Messer, Lionel Spielmann, Pierre Marie Duret, Lisa Felder, Laura Widawski, Carine Merklen, Elisabeth Gaertner, Guillaume Trumpff, André Jocelyn, Pierre Rerat, Charles Bouterra, Lounis Belillita, Antonio Alvarez, Victor Gerber, Dominique Debriel, Guillaume Gregorowicz, Olivier Augereau, Alexandre Klein, Marion Bolliet, HanaeTouati, Izabelle-Ana Amaritei, Dragos Gospei, Jean-Marc Limacher, Céline Iltis, Jacques Chapiro, Lazlo Levai, Younes Wael. François Sellal, Geoffroy Hautecloque. Eric Thibaud, Nicolas Kempf, Jean-Remi Savineau, Kassara Benhammouda. Céline Hassenforder, Pauline Badina, Biegle Estelle, Marie Sandrine Mann, Jean-Marc Michel, Clarisse Parent, Jacqueline Dubois, Sabine Camara, Elina Haerrel, Jean-Daniel Kaiser.
^a Infectious Diseases Department, Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar, 39, avenue de la Liberté, 68024 Colmar cedex, France
^b Clinical Research Department, Hôpitaux Civils de Colmar, Colmar, France

^⁎Corresponding author.

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Highlights

•	Patients hospitalized with COVID-19 during the second wave of the epidemics were associated with a shorter time between symptom onset and hospitalization, milder symptoms at admission, and higher steroid prescriptions compared with patients of the first epidemic wave.
•	Patients of the second epidemic wave had a lower death rate and fewer ICU hospitalizations than patients of the first epidemic wave.
•	Except for cardiovascular events, which were more frequently observed during the second epidemic wave, there was no change in other extrapulmonary complications during the two epidemic waves.

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Abstract

Objectives

Two COVID-19 epidemic waves occurred in France in 2020. This single-center retrospective study compared patients’ characteristics and outcomes.

Patients and methods

We included all patients with confirmed COVID-19 admitted to Colmar Hospital in March (n=600) and October/November (n=205) 2020.

Results

Median ages, sex ratio, body mass index, and number of comorbidities were similar in wave 1 and 2 patients. Significant differences were found for temperature (38°C vs. 37.2), need for oxygen (38.6% vs. 26.8%), high-flow cannula (0% vs. 8.3%), and steroid use (6.3% vs. 54.1%). Intensive care unit (ICU) hospitalizations (25.5% vs. 15.1%, OR: 0.44, 95% CI [0.28; 0.68], P=0.002) and deaths (19.2% vs. 12.7%, OR: 0.61, 95% CI [0.37; 0.98], P=0.04) decreased during the second wave. Except for cardiovascular events (5.5% vs. 10.2%), no change was observed in extrapulmonary events.