To evaluate the association between prostate inflammation, metabolic syndrome (MetS), and postoperative lower urinary tract symptoms in patients treated with transurethral resection of the prostate (TURP).

From April 2011, a consecutive series of patients treated with TURP were prospectively included in this observational study. MetS was defined according to the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III (NCEP-ATPIII) criteria. Patients were evaluated at baseline and 1 month postoperative with the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS), including the storage IPSS (sIPSS) and voiding IPSS (vIPSS) subscores, the Overactive Bladder questionnaire (OAB-q), and uroflowmetry. Prostate volume was evaluated at baseline. Complications were classified using the modified Clavien system. TURP specimens were examined to define grade, location, and extent of the inflammatory infiltrate according to the standardized classification system of chronic prostatitis and/or chronic pelvic pain syndrome.

One hundred and thirty-one subjects were enrolled, in which 54 patients (41.3%) presented with MetS. No differences were observed in terms of preoperative prostate-specific antigen, OAB score, IPSS, vIPSS, sIPSS, Q_max, post void residual, and prostate volume in subjects with and without MetS. An incidence of postoperative complications of 10.6% was recorded: 79% were classified as Clavien type I or II; 21% Clavien IIIb. Of 131 subjects, 97 (74.1%) presented with an inflammatory infiltrate. Patients with MetS presented a high proportion of inflammatory infiltrates compared to patients without MetS (45 of 54; 83% vs 52 of 77; 67%, P = .01). Patients with prostate inflammation presented a 50% risk reduction of postoperative storage urinary symptoms.

We confirmed the association between MetS and prostate inflammation.Patients with inflammatory infiltrates mostly benefit from TURP, particularly regarding storage symptoms.