Cardiovascular risk factor reduction by community health workers in rural India: A cluster randomized trial - 07/11/19
, Twinkle Agrawal, MD b, Farah Fathima, MD b, Thammattoor Usha, MSc b, Tinku Thomas, MSc, PhD b, Dominic Misquith, MD b, Shriprakash Kalantri, MD, MPH c, Natesan Chidambaram, MD d, Tony Raj, MD b, Alben Singamani, MD e, Shailendra Hegde, MD f, Denis Xavier, MD, MSc b, PJ Devereaux, MD g, Prem Pais, MD b, Rajeev Gupta, MD, PhD h, Salim Yusuf, MBBS, DPhil gBhopal, India; Bangalore, India; Sevagram, India; Annamalainagar, India; Narayana Health Bangalore, India; Tamil Nadu, India; Ontario,Canada; and Jaipur, India
Abstract |
Background |
There is a need to identify and test low-cost approaches for cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk reduction that can enable health systems to achieve such a strategy.
Objective |
Community health workers (CHWs) are an integral part of health-care delivery system in lower income countries. Our aim was to assess impact of CHW based interventions in reducing CVD risk factors in rural households in India.
Methods |
We performed an open-label cluster-randomized trial in 28 villages in 3 states of India with the household as a unit of randomization. Households with individuals at intermediate to high CVD risk were randomized to intervention and control groups. In the intervention group, trained CHWs delivered risk-reduction advice and monitored risk factors during 6 household visits over 12 months. Households in the non-intervention group received usual care. Primary outcomes were a reduction in systolic BP (SBP) and adherence to prescribed BP lowering drugs.
Results |
We randomized 2312 households (3261 participants at intermediate or high risk) to intervention (1172 households) and control (1140 households). At baseline prevalence of tobacco use (48.5%) and hypertension (34.7%) were high. At 12 months, there was significant decline in SBP (mmHg) from baseline in both groups- controls 130.3 ± 21 to 128.3 ± 15; intervention 130.3 ± 21 to 127.6 ± 15 (P < .01 for before and after comparison) but there was no difference between the 2 groups at 12 months (P = .18). Adherence to antihypertensive drugs was greater in intervention vs control households (74.9% vs 61.4%, P = .001).
Conclusion |
A 12-month CHW-led intervention at household level improved adherence to prescribed drugs, but did not impact SBP. To be more impactful, a more comprehensive solution that addresses escalation and access to useful therapies is needed.
Il testo completo di questo articolo è disponibile in PDF.Abbreviations : CVD, CHW, LMIC, BMI, WHR, IHRS, BP, SBP
Mappa
| ☆ | Funding: This trial was conceived as part of chronic disease initiative funded by US National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI), National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, under Contract no. HHSN268200900025C and by the UnitedHealth group, USA |
| ☆☆ | Disclosures: There are no disclosures regarding industry support for this study. |
Vol 216
P. 9-19 - ottobre 2019 Ritorno al numero
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