Décrire l’évolution de la représentation des femmes aux congrès de psychiatrie en France et la comparer à l’évolution de la représentation des femmes parmi les psychiatres français.

Les données ont été obtenues par les programmes des congrès de l’Encéphale et du Congrès Français de Psychiatrie de 2009 à 2018 ainsi qu’auprès du Conseil National de l’Ordre des Médecins. La proportion moyenne de femmes aux deux congrès par année a été obtenue en pondérant la moyenne par les différents effectifs des intervenants aux deux congrès.

La différence de proportion de femmes entre les psychiatres français et les intervenants aux congrès varie entre 21 % en 2009 et 17 % en 2016, avec une proportion de femmes psychiatres en activité en augmentation (de 46 % à 51 %) et supérieure pour chaque année à celle des femmes intervenant aux congrès (de 25 à 32 %). La proportion de femmes intervenant sur des thèmes de pédopsychiatrie (41–59 %) est supérieure à celles intervenant sur des thèmes de psychiatrie générale (24–33 %) et d’addictologie (10–39 %). La proportion de femmes est faible dans les symposiums des compagnies pharmaceutiques (7–24 %), les membres des comités d’organisation et scientifiques (13–33 %) et les présidents de séances (19–28 %), même si elle augmente lentement avec le temps.

Cette sous-représentation des femmes dans les congrès de psychiatrie en France pourrait possiblement être améliorée par l’inscription de la question de la parité à la politique des congrès de psychiatrie, parmi les intervenants comme parmi les comités scientifiques et d’organisation.

First, the main objective was to describe the evolution of the representation of women at the two main conferences of psychiatry in France–Encephale and French Congress of Psychiatry–from 2009 to 2018, and to compare it to the evolution of the representation of women among French psychiatrists. Second, we aimed to describe this evolution within the themes of general psychiatry, child psychiatry and addictology and compare it to the evolution of the number of adult psychiatrists, child psychiatrists and addictologists in France, and likewise to describe this evolution within the organizing and scientific committees, chairpersons and symposia of pharmaceutical companies at these conferences. We hypothesized that women are underrepresented at French speaking psychiatry conferences and sought to quantify this.

Programs from the 2009-2018 meetings of the Encephale and the French Congress of Psychiatry were included in analysis. We collected for each intervention information about the sex of the participant, the type of the intervention (i.e., speaker, moderator, chairperson) and its main theme (i.e., general psychiatry, child psychiatry, addictology, pharmaceutical company symposium). We also collected from the National Council of the French Medical Association the number of male and female psychiatrists active in France from 2009 to 2018, and the number of male and female psychiatrists who have validated a specific competence in child psychiatry and addictology. The average proportion of women at the two conferences per year was obtained by weighting the average by the different numbers of speakers at the two conferences. À Chi-squared test was used to compare the evolution of the proportion gap over time.

The proportion of women speaking at these conferences ranged from 25 % in 2009 to 32 % in 2018. Among French psychiatrists, the proportion of female psychiatrists increased from 46 % to 51 %, with a higher proportion of women since 2016. In that ten year span, the difference between the proportion of females amongst the French psychiatrists and the speakers at these French conferences varied between 21 % in 2009 and 17 % in 2016, with a higher proportion of female psychiatrists registered at the National Council of the French Medical Association than female speakers at these conferences. The proportion of female speakers at these conferences tends to increase more quickly than the proportion of active female psychiatrists. The proportion of women speaking on child psychiatry topics (41–59 %) is much higher for each year than those of women speaking on general psychiatry topics (24–33 %) or on addictology topics (10-39 %). Also, the proportion of women speaking on child psychiatry and addictology topics tends to increase more quickly than the proportion of active female child psychiatrists and addictologists in France, while the proportion of women speaking on general psychiatry topics tends to increase more slowly than the proportion of active female psychiatrists for adults in France. The proportion of female speakers is very low in symposia of pharmaceutical companies (7–24 %), members of organizing and scientific committees (13–33 %) and chairpersons (19–28 %), although it increases sfrom 2009 to 2018.

This observation of the underrepresentation of women at French psychiatry conferences could make it possible to achieve greater equity. This count could be continued in the next few years and could raise the question of the inclusion of parity in the policy of psychiatric conferences, both among the speakers and among the scientific and organizational committees. Higher exposure of women to conferences would reduce the Matilda effect, defined by minimizing women's contribution to research.