SARS-CoV-2: From the pathogenesis to potential anti-viral treatments - 19/03/21
, Maryam Zinatizadeh c, Mohammad Hadi Yousefi d, e, Nima Rezaei f, g, h, ⁎
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Abstract |
Introduction |
The world is witnessing the spread of one of the members of Coronaviruses (CoVs) family, called severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in the 21st century. Considering the short time spent after its prevalence, limited information is known about the effect of the virus mechanism on different organs of the body; meanwhile the lack of specific treatment and vaccine for this virus has exposed millions of people to a big challenge.
Areas covered |
The review article aims to describe the general and particular characteristics of CoVs, their classification, genome structure, host cell infection, cytokine storm, anti-viral treatments, and inhibition of COVID-19-related ER-mitochondrial stress. In addition, it refers to drugs such as Chloroquine/Hydroxychloroquine, Lopinavir/Ritonavir, darunavir, ribavirin, remdesivir, and favipiravir, which have undergone clinical trials for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) treatment. This analysis was derived from an extensive scientific literature search including Pubmed, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar performed.
Expert opinion |
The effectiveness rate and complications of these drugs can reveal new insights into the potential therapeutic goals for the disease. Moreover, lifestyle change can effectively prevent SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Il testo completo di questo articolo è disponibile in PDF.Graphical Abstract |
Highlights |
• | The 21st century is currently facing the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic. |
• | During evolution, SARS-CoV-2 have evolved strategies to escape immune responses by targeting ER and mitochondria. |
• | COVID-19-related ER-mitochondrial stress is a major player in the promoting of cytokine storms and ARDS. |
• | Non-viral compounds as a new therapeutic strategy for inhibiting ER-mitochondrial stress related to COVID-19. |
• | Another treatment strategy for COVID-19 is the concomitant use of antiviral drugs with non-viral compounds. |
Keywords : Anti-viral treatments, Cytokine storm, MERS, Pathogenesis, SARS-CoV-2, SARS
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Vol 137
Articolo 111352- Maggio 2021 Ritorno al numero
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