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Older orienteers perform better–is experience key? - 27/08/21

Les orienteurs plus âgés sont plus performants–l’expérience est-elle la clé?

Doi : 10.1016/j.scispo.2020.09.011 
B. Gasser , R. Vogel
 Departement für Sport, Bewegung und Gesundheit–Abteilung Rehabilitative und Regenerative Sportmedizin–Universität Basel, Birsstrasse 320B, CH-4052 Basel 

Auteur correspondant. - shared first authorship- shared first authorship

Summary

Background

With increasing age physical performance decreases. However, especially in orienteering, with the risk of running too fast in relation to map reading skills and thus of not being able to process important map information correctly a lower running speed can be an advantage. Further, with increasing age and the often-greater experience, the susceptibility to errors should decrease yielding to the aim of the study to analyze the relationship between average speed and age in senior orienteering.

Material & methods

All national Competitions of Middle and Long Distance as well as the Swiss Championships in the Middle and Long Distance as well as in night orienteering were analyzed for the season 2018 and 2019 for all senior categories. Average running speed was calculated per category with the concept of performance km, whereby in 2018 ten competitions and in 2019 nine competitions yielding to a total sample size of 855 female and 950 male orienteers analyzed. Furthermore, polynomial analyses of second degree between average running speed and age were conducted with calculation of coefficient of determination and in addition multilinear regression analysis between average course time and age respectively distance absolved.

Results

Average age of peak performance was identified with 50.0±2.3 years for men and 47.3±3.1 for women in 2018 respectively 51.1±3.1 years for men and 47.0±3.0 for women in 2019. Furthermore, high coefficients of determination were identified with average values of 0.916±0.061 in men and 0.910±0.051 in women 2018 respectively 0.891±0.102 in men and 0.913±0.079 in women in 2019.

Discussion

The relatively high ages are probably due to the fact that Classic beginner mistakes such as running too fast compared to map reading skills become less common, which is reflected in an absolutely lower error rate and correspondingly leads to a less severe decrease in age-related performance.

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Résumé

Contexte

Avec l’âge, la performance physique diminue. Cependant, en course d’orientation une vitesse plus faible peut devenir un avantage, car courir trop vite peut exposer à analyser moins correctement les informations cartographiques. De plus, avec l’augmentation de l’âge l’expérience devient plus grande et la vulnérabilité aux erreurs devrait diminuer. L’objectif de cette étude était donc d’analyser la relation entre la vitesse moyenne et l’âge en course d’orientation senior.

Matériel et méthodes

Toutes les compétitions nationales de moyenne et longue distance ainsi que les championnats suisses de moyenne et longue distance et les courses d’orientation de nuit ont été analysés pour les saisons 2018 et 2019 pour toutes les catégories seniors. La vitesse de course moyenne a été calculée par catégorie avec le concept de km de performance. En 2018 dix compétitions et en 2019 neuf compétitions donnant un échantillon total de 855 femmes et 950 hommes orienteurs analysés. De plus, des analyses polynomiales du second degré avec le coefficient de détermination entre la vitesse et l’âge ont été calculées et complétés par une analyse de régression multilinéaire entre le temps moyen des courses, et respectivement l’âge et la distance.

Résultats

L’âge moyen de la performance maximale était de 50,0±2,3 ans pour les hommes et 47,3±3,1 pour les femmes en 2018, et de 51,1±3,1 ans pour les hommes et 47,0±3,0 pour les femmes en 2019. Les coefficients de déterminations étaient élevés avec des valeurs moyennes de 0,916±0,061 chez l’homme et 0,910±0,051 chez la femme en 2018 et 0,891±0,102 chez l’homme et 0,913±0,079 chez la femme en 2019.

Discussion

Les âges relativement élevés sont expliqués par la moindre fréquence à ces âges des erreurs classiques que font les débutants, qui ont tendance à courir trop vite. De la sorte, la diminution de vitesse qui est observée avec l’âge n’a pas pour effet de diminuer la performance en course d’orientation.

Il testo completo di questo articolo è disponibile in PDF.

Keywords : Orienteering, Age, Performance

Mots clés : Course d’orientation, Âge, Performance


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