In France, the prevalence of hypertension is higher than 30%. Although treatment guidelines have been well established over the last twenty years, the national blood pressure control rate is below the average of high-income countries. This observational study aimed to describe the antihypertensive prescription behaviours of primary care physicians (PCPs) in France and to assess their compliance with current French guidelines, focusing on three specific prescription issues and their potential repercussions on blood pressure control: treatment initiation, treatment renewal or change and type of triple therapy. Prescription data were retrieved using the IQVIA longitudinal patient database (LPD), which delivers real-world data insights from French primary care electronic medical records (EMR). The average number of prescribed therapeutic agents was 1.9 per patient, with 39.3% monotherapy prescriptions. Treatment initiation represented 7.2% of all antihypertensive prescriptions. At treatment initiation, 22.5% of patients were prescribed dual therapy. The proportion of treatment renewal in the same therapeutic class was 74.3% while the proportion of treatment change was 18.5%. Of these, only 6.3% of patients received an additional therapy. Lastly, 35.7% of triple therapies were consistent with the recommended combinations. In conclusion, this study provides evidence of therapeutic gaps in hypertension management in France. The low blood control rate may be attributed to PCPs’ therapeutic inertia and lack of knowledge of treatment guidelines. All stakeholders should commit to rapid corrective action in order to provide patients with the best care.