This study evaluates the long-term biomechanical and energy efficiency effects of a high-torque, lightweight robotic ankle-foot prosthesis (RAF Pro) in a transtibial amputee, focusing on its potential to enhance gait symmetry and functionality.

A six-month longitudinal case study was conducted on a 51-year-old male transtibial amputee transitioning from a passive prosthesis to the RAF Pro. Comprehensive gait analyses, including motion capture and force plate assessments, were performed at four intervals: initial fitting, three months, four and a half months, and six months. The participant received continuous, tailored rehabilitation training throughout the study.

Over the adaptation period, notable improvements were observed in plantarflexion during toe-off and in the coordination of hip and knee joint movements, contributing to enhanced gait symmetry. By the six-month mark, the subject achieved near-symmetrical gait mechanics with significantly reduced energy expenditure during walking, approaching the biomechanical efficiency observed in non-amputees.

This case study highlights the potential of long-term adaptive rehabilitation combined with advanced robotic prostheses to restore natural, energy-efficient gait mechanics in transtibial amputees. The findings emphasize the importance of a minimum six-month adaptation period for optimizing prosthetic function, offering valuable insights for personalized rehabilitation strategies and future prosthetic development.