Entrapment or impingement neuropathies are a group of disorders characterized by compression or irritation of peripheral nerves, leading to sensory and motor deficits of a single nerve. Here, we discuss the pathophysiology, clinical presentations, and evidence-based management strategies of the most common entrapment neuropathies, including carpal tunnel syndrome, ulnar neuropathy at the elbow, fibular neuropathy at the fibular head, radial nerve entrapment, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerve entrapment. Additionally, we discuss less common forms of nerve impingement, emphasizing their clinical relevance and diagnostic challenges. Lastly, we provide a discussion on systemic diseases which entrapment neuropathies may be common.