Lymphedema, a chronic condition linked to insufficiency of the lymphatic system, requires continuous management. The effectiveness of treatment is based on the active involvement of the patient. The development of self-care – self-bandage, self-draining, skin hygiene, adapted physical activity – represents a major challenge for the sustainability of therapeutic results. The objective of this theoretical work is to synthesize current data on strategies to empower the lymphodematous patient.

Narrative review of international literature (2000–2025) based on PubMed, Cochrane and ScienceDirect databases. Publications on therapeutic education programmes (ETPs) in lymphology and their impacts on adherence, quality of life and clinical outcomes were selected and analysed thematically.

Studies show that ETP programs significantly improve knowledge of the disease, control of technical gestures, and compliance with compression wearing. Educational tools (guides, videos, practical workshops, mobile applications) promote distance learning and monitoring. The main obstacles identified are the complexity of the gestures, the lack of training, the fluctuating motivation and the digital divide. Conversely, multidisciplinary support and regular support optimize the success of self-care.

Patient empowerment is part of a global model for managing chronic diseases. Self-care does not replace professional intervention, but prolongs its effects. The integration of telehealth, the continuous training of carers and the individualisation of programmes are essential levers. The challenge remains to ensure fair access and avoid over-empowerment of the patient.

Self-care is an essential component of modern lymphoedema management. By combining education, support and digital tools, they improve quality of life, reduce complications and increase autonomy. Their systematic integration into care pathways must be encouraged to meet the current challenges of lymphology.