Progress has been made in the prevention of accidents in children; however, pediatric trauma continues to be the number one cause of death in the United States in children who are older than 1 year of age, accounting for 15,000 deaths per year.<sup>29 Cantor R.M., Leaming J.M. Evaluation and management of pediatric major trauma Emerg Med Clin North Am 1998 ;  16 : 229-256  [cross-ref]

Cliccare qui per andare alla sezione Riferimenti, 101 Moront M.L., Williams J.A., Eichelberger M.R. , e al. The injured child: An approach to care Pediatr Clin North Am 1994 ;  41 : 1201-1226

Cliccare qui per andare alla sezione Riferimenti, 118 Peclet M.H., Newman K.D., Eichelberger M.R. , e al. Thoracic trauma in children: An indicator of increased mortality J Pediatr Surg 1990 ;  25 : 961-966  [cross-ref]

Cliccare qui per andare alla sezione Riferimenti</sup> For every child who dies because of trauma, an estimated 1000 more present to the emergency department for treatment.<sup>54 Emergency Medical Service for Children Washington, DC: Institute of Medicine, National Academy Press (1993). 

Cliccare qui per andare alla sezione Riferimenti</sup> Most of these traumatic injuries are caused by motor vehicle and bicycle accidents in children with a mean age of 8 years.<sup>29 Cantor R.M., Leaming J.M. Evaluation and management of pediatric major trauma Emerg Med Clin North Am 1998 ;  16 : 229-256  [cross-ref]

Cliccare qui per andare alla sezione Riferimenti</sup> In younger children, a significant percentage of trauma in infants is caused by child abuse, whereas trauma in toddlers most often is caused by falls from heights.<sup>101 Moront M.L., Williams J.A., Eichelberger M.R. , e al. The injured child: An approach to care Pediatr Clin North Am 1994 ;  41 : 1201-1226

Cliccare qui per andare alla sezione Riferimenti, 117 Peclet M.H., Newman K.D., Eichelberger M.R. , e al. Patterns of injury in children J Pediatr Surg 1990 ;  25 : 85-91  [cross-ref]

Cliccare qui per andare alla sezione Riferimenti</sup>Anesthesiologists often are called to the emergency department after the primary survey has been performed and intervention is required. It is important that they become familiar with the immediate evaluation and resuscitative efforts of children in the emergency department who have suffered trauma and that they continue this intensive care into the operative and postoperative arenas.