Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is the most common cause of abnormal vaginal discharge in women of childbearing age. The reported prevalence is approximately 12% in women attending gynecology or antenatal clinics in the United Kingdom.<sup>8 Hay P.E., Lamont R.F., Taylor-Robinson D. , e al. Abnormal bacterial colonisation of the genital tract and subsequent preterm delivery and late miscarriage Br Med J 1994 ;  308 : 295

Cliccare qui per andare alla sezione Riferimenti, 9 Hay P.E., Taylor-Robinson D., Lamont R.F. Diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis in a gynaecology clinic Br J Obstet Gynaecol 1992 ;  99 : 63  [cross-ref]

Cliccare qui per andare alla sezione Riferimenti</sup> Although many women appear to be unaware of its presence, the symptom of an offensive fishy smelling discharge can cause considerable distress. Treatment is effective in the short term, but BV recurs in 20% to 30% women within one month of treatment.<sup>14 Larsson P.G. Treatment of bacterial vaginosis Int J STD AIDS 1992 ;  3 : 239

Cliccare qui per andare alla sezione Riferimenti</sup> Women who suffer frequent episodes of BV can become frustrated by the condition and the apparent inability of their physicians to control their symptoms.

The main reason for trying to prevent relapse of BV is to help symptomatic women and their partners who may also be offended by it. However, in addition, BV is a risk factor for miscarriage and preterm birth in pregnant women and infectious morbidity following cesarean section or gynecologic surgery. It may also predispose women to acquire sexually transmitted infections including HIV.<sup>20 Sewankambo N., Gray R.H., Wawer M.J. , e al. HIV-1 infection associated with abnormal vaginal flora morphology and bacterial vaginosis Lancet 1997 ;  350 : 546  [cross-ref]

Cliccare qui per andare alla sezione Riferimenti</sup> Finding a way to reduce the overall prevalence of BV may therefore reduce the incidence of these complications. This article will discuss the etiology and epidemiology of BV, as it is only by understanding these that we can improve our treatment.