Chitotriosidase is one of the most quantitative proteins secreted by activated macrophages, so its activity has been proposed as a biochemical marker of macrophage accumulation. The clinical importance of the chitotriosidase is still largely unknown. Our aim was to evaluate diagnostic accuracy of serum chitotriosidase activity in acute appendicitis (AA).

A total of 34 patients with preoperative AA diagnosis (18 men and 16 women; mean age, 28.8 ± 10.9 years) were enrolled in this study. The appendix specimens were classified as normal appendix (10 patients) and AA (24 patients). The serum chitotriosidase activity was measured preoperatively.

Diagnostic value of the preoperative chitotriosidase activity as assessed through the corresponding receiver operating characteristic curve was well (area under the curve, 0.771; 95% confidence interval, 0.647-0.877; P < .05).

Preoperative serum chitotriosidase activity may be a useful marker for diagnosis of AA, and future studies are required to confirm the results presented here.